ARTICLE 8. INDUSTRIAL USES AND STANDARDS

DIVISION 1. M-1 INDUSTRIAL ZONE

10-1-801: PURPOSE:

The M-1 Limited Industrial Zone is intended for the development of industrial uses which include fabrication, manufacturing, assembly or processing of materials that are in already processed form. [Formerly numbered Section 31-100; renumbered by Ord. No. 3058, eff. 2/21/87.]

10-1-801.5: GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY:

In the M-1 Zone, all uses shall be consistent with the maximum FAR and maximum residential density, as prescribed in the General Plan, as follows:

General Plan Land Use Designation	Maximum FAR	Maximum Residential Density1
Corridor Commercial	1.0 FAR	27 units/acre
Regional Commercial	1.25 FAR	58 units/acre
Downtown Commercial	2.5 FAR	87 units/acre
South San Fernando Commercial	1.25 FAR	43 units/acre
North Victory Commercial/Industrial	1.0 FAR	27 units/acre
Rancho Commercial	0.6 FAR	20 units/acre
Media District Commercial	1.1 FAR	58 units/acre
Golden State Commercial/Industrial	1.25 FAR	27 units/acre
Institutional	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
Open Space	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
Airport	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
1 with discretionary approval

[Added by Ord. No. 3839, eff. 5/24/13.]

10-1-802: USES IN THE M-1 ZONE:

In the M-1 Zone, uses are allowed as set forth in Section 10-1-502. [Formerly numbered Section 31-101; Amended by Ord. No. 3504, eff. 12/26/98; 3464, 3457, 3439, 3400, 3376, 3335, 3180, 3113, 3058, 2731, 2691, 2626, 2588, 2554, 2522, 2423, 2235.]

10-1-803 AND 804:

[Deleted by Ord. No. 3504, eff. 12/26/98.]

10-1-805: LOCATION AND OPERATION OF USES:

The following requirements shall apply to all uses in an M-1 Zone:

A. All processing and assembly of goods shall be conducted completely within a building that is enclosed on all four (4) sides, unless otherwise specified.

B. Operations that create noise, smoke, ash, dust, odor, ground vibration, heat, glare, humidity, radio disturbance, or radiation shall be so located, and conducted in such a manner, that they do not exceed the standards prescribed in Article 17 of this chapter, measured at the property lines of the use in question. [Formerly numbered Section 31-104; Renumbered by Ord. No. 3058, eff. 2/21/87.]

10-1-806: PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS:

The following property development standards shall apply in an M-1 Zone:

A. STRUCTURE HEIGHT.

1. The maximum height of a structure shall be determined by its distance from the closest lot line of any property zoned for residential uses as follows:

DISTANCE FROM R‑1, R-1-H OR R-2 LOT LINE (OR COMPARABLE PD ZONE)	DISTANCE FROM R‑3 OR R-4 LOT LINE (OR COMPARABLE PD ZONE)	MAXIMUM HEIGHT
(i) 0 - less than 25 feet		1 foot height per 1 foot distance for any part of the structure (roof and architectural features must also comply with maximum height restrictions within first 25 feet)
(ii) 25 - less than 50 feet		25 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 35 feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(iii) 50 - less than 150 feet		35 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(iv) 150 - less than 300 feet	0 - less than 300 feet	50 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(v) 300 feet or greater (not located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	300 feet or greater (not located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	70 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(vi) 300 to 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	300 to 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	70 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(vii) Greater than 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	Greater than 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	Maximum height limit to be determined through the Conditional Use Permit

2. The maximum height of a building, for those portions more than 25 feet from a R-1, R-1-H, and R-2 lot line, shall be measured to the ceiling height of the highest room permitted for human occupancy. The maximum height of a structure, for those portions of a structure less than 25 feet from R-1, R-1-H, and R-2 lot line, shall be measured to any part of the structure.

3. Conditional Use Permit is required for structure height greater than 35 feet.

4. Structure height shall be measured from grade as defined by this chapter.

5. For structures or portions of a structure between 25 feet and 50 feet from the R-1, R-1-H, R-2, or comparable PD zone, roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 35 feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained.

6. The portion of a structure within the distance requirement (e.g. 25 to less than 50 feet) shall meet the height requirement for that section (e.g. 25 feet). Should a structure extend beyond one (1) or more of the distance requirements, the portions of that structure may meet each height requirement separately.

B. OPEN SPACE.

1. Distance Requirements.

Each lot which abuts or is adjacent to an R-1, R-1-H or R-2 lot shall provide open space not less than 20 feet wide along the area that abuts the residential property. Lots abutting or adjacent R-3 and R-4 lots shall provide a minimum of 15 foot open space between the properties.

2. Determination of Open Space.

This open space shall be measured from the lot line of the residential property to the structure. Public rights-of-way may be included within the calculation of such area, except as otherwise provided in this section.

3. Landscaping Requirement.

When the industrial property abuts or is any residential property, a five (5) foot strip of the open space which lies adjacent the residential property shall be landscaped, unless a public right-of-way is utilized in the calculation of the open space. This landscaping is intended to provide screening between the different zones.

4. Parking Allowed in Open Space.

Parking is allowed in the open space as long as Subsection (3) is satisfied.

C. YARDS.

1. Front Yard - Definition.

For the purpose of this section side yards on corner lots shall be considered as front yards.

2. Setbacks.

a. All structures, including semi-subterranean garages, but excluding above-grade parking structures, shall be set back at least five (5) feet from the front lot line or 20 percent of the building height, whichever is greater; this setback requirement may be averaged. Such setback shall be required for that portion of a building that is within 20 feet above grade and shall be calculated for the length of the building frontage only. Any open space or surface parking lots not in front of a structure shall not be included in calculating average setbacks. Portions of buildings over 20 feet in height may extend over required front yard setbacks, except in areas where required trees are planted.

b. Above-grade parking structures shall be set back from the front lot line at least five (5) feet or 20 percent of building height, whichever is greater, but in no event shall the setback be less than three (3) feet. This setback requirement may be averaged. When abutting or adjacent R-1, R-1-H or R-2 zones, above-grade parking structures must be setback 20 feet from the residential property line.

c. When abutting or adjacent R-3 or R-4 zones, above-grade parking structures must be setback ten (10) feet from the residential property line. Public rights-of-way may be used in this calculation.

d. For setbacks for surface parking lots, see Article 14, Division 4 of this Chapter.

3. Landscaping.

a. A minimum of 50 percent of front and exposed side yards shall be landscaped.

b. The provision of outdoor amenities and decorative hardscape, such as outdoor seating areas with benches permanently affixed to the ground or hardscaped areas enriched with decorative materials which are under a tree canopy, shall be credited toward up to 50 percent of the required landscaping in all yards. Vehicular access areas may not be considered as decorative hardscape.

c. The planting of vines on masonry buildings is encouraged.

d. To qualify as landscaped area, all areas not occupied by trees or shrubs must be planted with turf or other ground cover with a minimum soil depth of 12 inches. All planters must be a minimum of 18 inches deep and two (2) feet in their smallest inside dimension, unless a tree is required, in which case a three (3) foot planter depth shall be required and the planter must have a minimum inside dimension of four (4) feet.

e. In required front and exposed side yards, a minimum of one (1) tree shall be planted for every 40 linear feet of street frontage or fraction thereof. Turf is allowed in up to 50 percent of required landscaped areas. In shrub areas, a minimum of one five (5) gallon shrub is required for every ten (10) square feet of shrub area.

f. A minimum of 50 percent of required trees shall be a minimum 36-inch box size, with the remainder a minimum 24-inch box size. The required 36-inch box trees shall be equally distributed in required front or street side yards.

g. If trees are planted in planters, the planters must have a minimum length and width of five (5) feet.

h. For additional landscaping requirements for above-grade parking structures and surface parking lots, see Article 14, Division 4 of this Chapter.”

D. MASONRY WALL.

A six (6) foot high decorative masonry wall shall be erected along every property line forming a boundary with a residential zone, except that along the front setback area of such residential zone the wall shall be reduced to three (3) feet.

E. OFF-STREET PARKING.

Yards may be used for off-street parking if consistent with this article.

F. ADDITIONAL STANDARDS.

For additional standards see Articles 11 through 16 of this chapter.

G. Mixed-Use and Multifamily Residential-Only Development. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section shall not apply to the following projects:

1. Mixed-use developments (multifamily residential with nonresidential use) allowed as set forth in Section 10-1-502. These projects shall be governed by the provisions of Article 9, Division 4 of this Code, commencing with Section 10-1-915.

2. Multifamily residential-only developments allowed as set forth in Section 10-1-502. These projects shall be governed by the provisions of Article 6, Division 3.5 of this Code, commencing with Section 10-1-621. [Formerly numbered Section 31-105; amended by Ord. No. 23-3,996, eff. 7/7/23; 23-3,994; 15-3,860; 3810, 3548, 3491, 3488, 3297, 3136, 3058.]

10-1-807: DEVELOPMENT REVIEW:

Unless specifically exempted by Section 10-1-1914 of this Code, no structure shall be erected in an M-1 Zone, nor shall any permits related thereto be issued until an application for Development Review has been submitted to and approved by the Director, as provided in Division 2, Article 19 of this chapter. These permits include by are not limited to site preparation permits such as demolition permits and grading permits. [Formerly numbered Section 31-106; Amended by Ord. No. 3587, eff. 11/3/01; 3190, 3058, 3017, 2193.]

DIVISION 2. M-2 INDUSTRIAL ZONE

10-1-808: PURPOSE:

The M-2 General Industrial Zone is intended for the development of manufacturing process, fabrication and assembly of goods and materials. [Formerly numbered Section 31-107; Renumbered by Ord. No. 3058, eff. 2/21/87.]

10-1-808.5: GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY:

In the M-2 Zone, all uses shall be consistent with the maximum FAR and maximum residential density, as prescribed in the General Plan, as follows:

General Plan Land Use Designation	Maximum FAR	Maximum Residential Density1
Corridor Commercial	1.0 FAR	27 units/acre
Regional Commercial	1.25 FAR	58 units/acre
Downtown Commercial	2.5 FAR	87 units/acre
South San Fernando Commercial	1.25 FAR	43 units/acre
North Victory Commercial/Industrial	1.0 FAR	27 units/acre
Rancho Commercial	0.6 FAR	20 units/acre
Media District Commercial	1.1 FAR	58 units/acre
Golden State Commercial/Industrial	1.25 FAR	27 units/acre
Institutional	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
Open Space	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
Airport	Max. floor area determined by Zoning	--
1 with discretionary approval

[Added by Ord. No. 3839, eff. 5/24/13.]

10-1-809: USES IN THE M-2 ZONE:

In the M-2 Zone, uses are allowed as set forth in Section 10-1-502. [Formerly numbered Section 31-108; Amended by Ord. No. 3504, eff. 12/26/98; 3457, 3058, 2836, 2423, 2329.]

10-1-810 AND 811:

[Deleted by Ord. No. 3504, eff. 12/26/98.]

10-1-812: PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS:

The following property development standards shall apply in an M-2 Zone:

A. STRUCTURE HEIGHT.

1. The maximum height of a structure shall be determined by its distance from the closest lot line of any property zoned for residential use as follows:

DISTANCE FROM R-1, R‑1‑H OR R-2 LOT LINE (OR COMPARABLE PD ZONE)	DISTANCE FROM R-3 OR R‑4 LOT LINE (OR COMPARABLE PD ZONE)	MAXIMUM HEIGHT
(i) 0 - less than 25 feet		1 foot height per 1 foot distance for any part of the structure (roof and architectural features must also comply with maximum height restrictions within first 25 feet)
(ii) 25 - less than 50 feet		25 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height up to 35 feet, if a 45½ angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(iii) 50 - less than 150 feet		35 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(iv) 150 - less than 300 feet	0 - less than 300 feet	50 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(v) 300 feet or greater (not located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	300 feet or greater (not located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	70 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(vi) 300 to 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	300 to 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	70 feet (roof and architectural features may exceed the maximum height, up to 15 additional feet, if a 45 degree angle as depicted in Diagram No. 1 is maintained)
(vii) Greater than 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	Greater than 500 feet (located in an adopted specific planning or redevelopment planning area)	Maximum height limit to be determined through the Conditional Use Permit

3. Conditional Use Permit is required for structure higher than 35 feet.

4. Structure height shall be measured from grade as defined by this chapter.

B. OPEN SPACE.

1. Distance Requirements.

Each lot which abuts or is adjacent to an R-1, R-1-H or R-2 lot shall provide an open space not less than 20 feet wide along the area that abuts the residential property. Lots abutting or adjacent R-3 or R-4 lots shall provide a minimum of 15 foot open space between the properties.

2. Determination of Open Space.

This open space shall be measured from the lot line of the residential property to the industrial structure. Public rights-of-way may be included within the calculation of such area, except as otherwise provided in this section.

3. Landscaping Requirement.

When the industrial property abuts any residential property, a five (5) foot strip of the open space which lies adjacent residential property shall be landscaped, unless a public right-of-way is utilized in the calculation of the open space. This landscaping is intended to provide screening between the different zones.

4. Parking Allowed in Open Space.

Parking is allowed in the open space as long as Subsection (3) is satisfied.

C. YARDS.

1. Front Yard - Definition.

For the purpose of this section, side yards on corner lots shall be considered as front yards.

2. Setbacks.

c. When abutting or adjacent R-3 or R-4 zones, above-grade parking structures must be setback ten (10) feet from the residential property line. Public rights-of-way may be used in this calculation.

d. For setbacks for surface parking lots, see Article 14, Division 4 of this Chapter.

3. Landscaping.

a. A minimum of 50 percent of front and exposed side yards shall be landscaped.

c. The planting of vines on masonry buildings is encouraged.

d. To qualify as landscaped area, all areas not occupied by trees or shrubs must be planted with turf or other ground cover with a minimum soil depth of 12 inches. All planters must be a minimum of 18 inches deep and two feet in their smallest inside dimension, unless a tree is required, in which case a three (3) foot planter depth shall be required and the planter must have a minimum inside dimension of four (4) feet.

e. In required front and exposed side yards, a minimum of one tree shall be planted for every 40 linear feet of street frontage or fraction thereof. Turf is allowed in up to 50 percent of required landscaped areas. In shrub areas, a minimum of one five (5) gallon shrub is required for every ten (10) square feet of shrub area.

g. If trees are planted in planters, the planters must have a minimum length and width of five (5) feet.

h. For additional landscaping requirements for above-grade parking structures and surface parking lots, see Article 14, Division 4 of this Chapter.

D. MASONRY WALL.

A six (6) foot high decorative masonry wall shall be erected along every property forming a boundary with a residential zone, except that along the front setback area of such residential zone the wall shall be reduced to three (3) feet.

E. OFF-STREET PARKING.

Yards may be used for off-street parking if consistent with this article.

F. ADDITIONAL STANDARDS.

For additional standards see Articles 11 through 16 of this chapter.

G. Mixed-Use and Multifamily Residential-Only Development. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section shall not apply to the following projects:

2. Multifamily residential-only developments allowed as set forth in Section 10-1-502. These projects shall be governed by the provisions of Article 6, Division 3.5 of this Code, commencing with Section 10-1-621. [Formerly numbered Section 31-111; amended by Ord. No. 23-3,996, eff. 7/7/23; 23-3,994; 15-3,860; 3810, 3548, 3491, 3488, 3297, 3136, 3058.]

10-1-813: DEVELOPMENT REVIEW:

Unless specifically exempted by Section 10-1-1914 of this Code, no structure shall be erected in an M-2 Zone, nor shall any permits related thereto be issued until an application for Development Review has been submitted to and approved by the Director, as provided in Division 2, Article 19 of this chapter. These permits include but are not limited to site preparation permits such as demolition permits and grading permits. [Formerly numbered Section 31-112; Amended by Ord. No. 3587, eff. 11/3/01; 3190, 3058, 3017, 2193.]