Chapter 19.44
PARKING
Sections:
19.44.020 General requirements.
19.44.050 Expansion, enlargement and occupancy.
19.44.090 Conditions required for joint use.
19.44.100 Minimum parking space standards.
19.44.105 Maximum parking space standards.
19.44.110 Parking space size and access requirements.
19.44.120 Car and van pool parking.
19.44.010 Purpose and intent.
Provisions of this chapter are of general application to several of the districts described in Chapter 19.20 OHMC, except as noted in the CBD central business district. It is the intent of this chapter to set down provisions for off-street parking and loading areas to prevent congestion in the streets, promote and protect property values and to provide for the health, safety and welfare of the citizenry. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.020 General requirements.
Parking areas, public or private, are permitted as accessory uses, operating in conjunction with permitted uses, unless otherwise permitted by this title. Each off-street parking space shall have a net area of not less than 180 square feet, exclusive of driveways or aisles, and shall be of usable shape and condition. To determine on a gross area basis, 270 square feet shall be allowed per vehicle. If the required parking space for a one-family or two-family dwelling is not provided in a covered garage, then such space shall be not less than 180 square feet. The circulation pattern of all off-street parking areas excepting driveways serving single-family or two-family dwellings shall not have as a part of the pattern any parking or parking maneuvers on a public sidewalk, highway, road, street or alley. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.030 Bicycle parking.
Bicycle racks shall be provided for all nonresidential and multifamily uses. Such racks shall provide space for a minimum of one bicycle for each 10 parking spaces required to a maximum of 10 bicycle spaces. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.040 Location.
Off-street parking facilities shall be located and operated in conjunction with the permitted use as hereinafter specified; where a distance is specified, such distance shall be the walking distance measured from the nearest point of the parking facility to the nearest point of the building that such facility is required to serve:
(1) For one-family and two-family dwellings, on the same lot with the building they are required to serve;
(2) For multiple dwellings, not more than 100 feet;
(3) For hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, rooming houses and boarding houses, fraternity and sorority houses, not more than 300 feet;
(4) For uses other than those specified above, not more than 500 feet;
(5) Parking lots for passenger automobiles only shall be allowed when such parking lots are for the purpose of providing the off-street parking required by this title and are located and improved in accordance with this chapter, except that when any such parking lot is to serve a use first permitted in a less restrictive zone than the zone in which the parking lot is to be located, such parking lot may be allowed only by a variance granted by the hearing examiner after a public hearing and the finding that such parking lot will not be unduly detrimental to surrounding properties; provided, that additional landscaping or fencing as directed by the hearing examiner to visually screen parked cars from all residential properties in the vicinity shall be provided as conditions precedent to the granting of such variance; and provided, that at least 40 lineal feet of the boundary of such parking lot adjoins a less restrictive zone or is separated therefrom only by the width of an alley or street. Such parking lots shall not extend beyond said less restrictive zone more than 150 feet into the more restrictive zone in which the parking lot is to be located. No such parking lots shall be allowed for the purpose of serving nonconforming uses. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.050 Expansion, enlargement and occupancy.
All new or substantially altered uses or structures shall be provided with special purpose off-street parking facilities as required by this chapter. No application for a building permit or change of occupancy for a new or substantially altered structure or improvement shall be approved unless there is included with such improvement or use a plot plan showing the required special off-street parking as required in this chapter. Wherever any building is enlarged in height or in ground coverage, off-street parking shall be provided for said expansion or enlargement in accordance with the requirements of the schedule; provided, however, that no parking space need be provided in the case of enlargement or expansion where the number of parking spaces required for such expansion or enlargement is less than 10 percent of the parking spaces specified in the schedule for the building. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.060 Mixed occupancies.
In the case of mixed uses, the total requirements for the various uses shall be computed separately. Off-street parking facilities for one use shall not be considered as specified for joint use. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.070 Uses not specified.
In the case of uses not specifically mentioned in sections below, the requirements for off-street parking facilities shall be determined by the planning director. Such determination shall be based upon the requirements for the most comparable use listed. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.080 Joint use.
Joint use of parking facilities is encouraged, where appropriate. The director, upon application, may authorize the joint use of parking facilities for the following uses or activities under conditions specified:
(1) Up to 50 percent of the parking facilities required by this chapter for primarily nighttime uses such as theaters, bowling alleys, bars, restaurants and related uses may be supplied by certain other types of buildings or uses herein referred to as daytime uses such as banks, offices, retail and personal service shops, clothing, food, furniture, manufacturing or wholesale and related uses;
(2) Up to 50 percent of the parking facilities required by this chapter for primarily daytime uses may be supplied by primarily nighttime uses;
(3) Up to 100 percent of the parking facilities required by this chapter for a church, or for an auditorium incidental to a public or parochial school, may be supplied by the off-street parking facilities provided by uses primarily of a daytime nature. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.090 Conditions required for joint use.
The building or use for which application is being made to utilize the off-street parking facilities provided by another building or use shall be located within 500 feet of such parking facilities in addition to which:
(1) The applicant shall show that there is no substantial conflict in the principal operating hours of the two buildings or uses for which joint use of off-street parking facilities is proposed;
(2) The applicant shall present a properly drawn legal instrument to be recorded with the Island County auditor, executed by the parties concerned for joint use of off-street parking facilities and approved as to form and manner of execution by the city attorney, to the hearing examiner upon application, such instrument to be filed with the building official upon approval of the hearing officer. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.100 Minimum parking space standards.
|
Use |
Required Parking |
|---|---|
|
Residential, single-family |
Two per dwelling |
|
Residential, duplex |
Two per dwelling |
|
Residential, multiple |
One and one-half per dwelling unit |
|
Three or more bedroom dwelling unit |
Two per three or more bedroom dwelling unit. In addition, multifamily projects with eight or more units shall provide one visitor parking space for each eight units. |
|
Banks |
One per 400 square feet of gross floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Bed and breakfast inns and rooms |
Two for primary resident or on-site manager plus one for each guest room |
|
Bowling alleys |
Four per alley, plus employee parking |
|
Churches, auditoriums and similar enclosed places of assembly |
One per four seats and/or one per 30 square feet of assembly space without fixed seats |
|
Skilled nursing facilities |
One per five beds, plus owner and employee parking |
|
College |
One space per 200 square feet of classroom space |
|
Assisted living facilities |
Minimum of 0.8 spaces per unit, with a maximum of one and one-half spaces per unit |
|
Food and beverage places with sales and consumption on premises |
One per three seats, plus one space for every two employees on the largest shift |
|
Furniture, appliance, hardware, clothing and shoe stores, personal service stores such as beauty parlors, barbershops and physical fitness centers |
One per 600 square feet gross floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Gasoline stations |
15 spaces, including pump and service area |
|
Hospital |
One per two beds, excluding bassinets |
|
Hotels, motor hotels |
One per sleeping room, plus owner and employee parking |
|
Libraries and museums |
One per 200 square feet gross floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Manufacturing uses, research testing and processing, assembling, all industries |
One per each two employees on maximum shift and not less than one per each 800 square feet gross floor area |
|
Mortuaries |
One per 100 square feet of gross floor area used for assembly or one per five seats, plus employee parking |
|
Motels |
One per unit, plus owner and employee parking |
|
Motor vehicle, machinery, plumbing, heating, ventilating, building supplies stores and services |
One per 1,000 square feet floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Offices, medical and dental (including optometrists) |
One per 200 gross square feet of floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Offices not providing customer services |
One per each employee |
|
Offices of opticians, chiropractors and others licensed by the state of Washington to practice the healing arts |
One per 400 square feet of gross floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Offices, business and professional (other than medical and dental) with on-site customer service |
One per 400 square feet of gross floor area, plus employee parking |
|
Rooming houses, similar uses |
One per dwelling unit |
|
Schools, elementary and junior high |
One per each employee and faculty member, plus 15 visitor parking |
|
Schools, high |
One per each 10 students, plus one per each employee and faculty member, plus 15 visitor parking |
|
Shopping centers with over 30,000 square feet of gross floor area |
Four and one-half spaces per 1,000 square feet gross floor area, but not to exceed five spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area |
|
Stadiums, sport arenas and similar open assemblies |
One per four seats and/or one each 30 square feet of assembly space without fixed seats |
|
Theaters |
One per four seats, plus employee parking |
|
Warehouses, storage and wholesale business |
One per each employee, plus two additional spaces |
|
Other retail |
One per 300 square feet gross floor area, plus employee parking |
(Ord. 1671 § 9, 2013; Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.105 Maximum parking space standards.
Impervious parking areas generate stormwater runoff, with negative impacts to water quality, wildlife habitat, and municipal budgets. The following maximum parking space standards are designed to limit the total impervious area resulting from large, off-street parking lots, reducing negative water quality impacts, while at the same time providing sufficient parking for land uses within Oak Harbor.
(1) Applicability. The standards in this section shall apply to all new development and redevelopment which meets both of the following criteria:
(a) All new development, as well as building remodels, site retrofits, and redevelopment which exceeds 60 percent of the total assessed value for the property; and
(b) Off-street parking lots with 100 or more spaces proposed or required.
(2) In no case shall more than 250 percent of the required minimum number of parking spaces be approved. (Ord. 1784 § 62, 2016; Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011).
19.44.110 Parking space size and access requirements.
(1) Standard Parking Spaces. All standard parking spaces shall meet the minimum criteria outlined in the table and figure below.
(2) Compact Parking Spaces. Up to 50 percent of required parking spaces may be provided as compact spaces. The aisle widths required for standard spaces shall be applied to compact spaces. Parking space width, parking space depth and row width shall be as shown in the following table. The minimum parking space depth shall be 16 feet and the minimum parking space width shall be eight feet. Compact parking spaces shall be clearly marked by painting the word “compact” on the parking space(s).
|
Required Parking Dimensions |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Parking Angle |
Stall Width |
Stall Depth |
Row Depth |
Aisle Width (One Way) |
Aisle Width (Two Way) |
|
0° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 23' Compact: 19' |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
10' |
18' |
|
30° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 18' Compact: 15' |
12' |
20' |
|
40° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
12' |
20' |
|
45° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 21' Compact: 17' |
12' |
20' |
|
50° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
15' |
20' |
|
60° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
17' |
20' |
|
70° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
20' |
20' |
|
80° |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
23' |
23' |
|
90°1 |
Standard: 9' Compact: 8' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
Standard: 20' Compact: 16' |
23' |
23' |
1 Parking space length may be reduced by up to two feet through administrative approval to allow for vehicle overhang when curb or wheel stops are used along vegetated planters at least five feet in width, as measured between hard surfaces.
PARKING PLAN LAYOUT
(Ord. 1784 § 63, 2016; Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.120 Car and van pool parking.
Any nonresidential development which shall provide priority spacing for car pools and van pools shall be allowed to reduce the total amount of required parking by 1.15 spaces for each priority car pool and van pool space provided. (Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.130 Plans.
The plan of the proposed parking area shall be submitted to the development services department at the time of the application for the building for which the parking area is required. The plan shall clearly indicate the proposed development, including location, size, shape, design, curb cuts, lighting, landscaping, construction details and other features and appurtenances required. The illustrations provided at the end of this chapter shall serve as a guide and illustrate the minimum requirements for parking stall configurations.
A legal description of the property is required and a parking area designated and recorded.
(1) Parking areas shall be designed in conformance with the Oak Harbor design guidelines.
(2) All traffic-control devices such as parking strips designating car stalls, directional arrows or signs, bull rails, curbs, and other developments, shall be installed and maintained as shown on the approved plans. Hard-surfaced parking areas shall use paint or similar devices to delineate car stalls and directional arrows. All driveways, off-street parking areas and public off-street parking areas shall be hard surfaced with a minimum of two inches of asphalt concrete or Portland cement concrete slab at appropriate depths. Alternative surfaces, including low impact development practices, may be allowed in compliance with OHMC Title 12.
(3) Minimum dimensions of off-street parking areas shall be not less than stated in this chapter.
(4) Screen all parking lots from view of adjoining residential district or use through use of sight-obscuring fences, earth berms or landscaped planting strips, to a height of not less than six feet.
(5) At least 15 percent of every parking lot shall be landscaped. In all cases, landscaping shall be distributed throughout the parking area. LID stormwater management facilities are encouraged to be incorporated into the required landscaping as much as possible, unless site or soil conditions make LID stormwater management facilities infeasible. Parking lot landscaping shall conform to OHMC 19.46.030(5) with a preference for native species. For computation of required landscape area, allow 30 square feet per parking space. The landscaping shall consist of deciduous or coniferous plant material and may include turf, shrubs and flowers.
(6) Lighting of areas provided for off-street parking shall be so arranged to not constitute a nuisance or hazard to passing traffic and where said lots share a common boundary with any “R” classified property, the illuminating devices shall be so shaded and directed to play their light away from “R” classified property.
(7) Maintenance of all areas provided for off-street parking shall include removal and replacement of dead and dying trees, grass and shrubs, removal of trash and weeds, and repair of traffic control devices, signs, light standards, fences, walls, surfacing material, curbs and railings. Maintenance of LID stormwater management facilities/BMPs shall be in conformance with OHMC Title 12. (Ord. 1784 § 64, 2016; Ord. 1614 § 1, 2011; Ord. 1555 § 19, 2009).
19.44.140 Loading areas.
Each off-street loading space shall measure not less than 30 feet by 12 feet and shall have an unobstructed height of 14 feet six inches and shall be made permanently available for such purposes, and shall be hard surfaced, improved and maintained as required by this chapter. Required loading spaces shall be in conformance with the following table:
Department stores, freight terminals, industrial or manufacturing establishments, retail or wholesale stores or storage warehouses or any similar use which has or intends to have 10,000 square feet or more shall provide truck loading or unloading berths:
|
Square feet of aggregate gross floor area |
Required number of berths |
|---|---|
|
10,000 to 15,999 |
1 |
|
16,000 to 39,999 |
2 |
|
40,000 to 65,000 |
3 |
|
Each additional 16,000 |
1 additional |
Auditoriums, convention or exhibit halls, sports arenas, hotels, office buildings, restaurants or similar uses which have or intend to have an aggregate gross floor area of 40,000 square feet or more shall provide truck loading or unloading berths:
|
Square feet of aggregate gross floor area |
Required number of berths |
|---|---|
|
40,000 to 59,999 |
1 |
|
60,000 to 160,000 |
2 |
|
Each additional 60,000 |
1 additional |
Area of Parking Lot = 5,504 Sq. Ft.