Chapter 18.70
PARKING, ACCESS AND CIRCULATION
Sections:
18.70.010 Off-street parking and loading – General.
18.70.020 Calculation of parking requirements.
18.70.030 Parking design standards.
18.70.040 Loading space number and design standards.
18.70.050 Access and circulation – Applicability.
18.70.060 Vehicle access and circulation generally.
18.70.070 Pedestrian circulation.
18.70.080 Access standards for drive-in, drive-up and drive-through uses.
18.70.010 Off-street parking and loading – General.
A. Applicability. Except as otherwise provided by this title, required off-street parking and loading spaces shall be improved and maintained as set forth in this chapter for all uses in all zoning districts.
B. Timing. Parking and loading spaces required for a given use or development shall be provided consistent with the approved site plan before the county issues an occupancy permit or final inspection for the use or development in question.
C. Availability.
1. Parking spaces required for a given use or development shall be available for the parking of operable passenger automobiles of residents, customers, patrons and employees only, and shall not be used for the storage of vehicles or materials, or for the parking of trucks used in conducting the business or use.
2. Loading spaces required for a given use or development shall be available for loading and unloading of trucks and similar vehicles.
D. Location of Parking and Loading Facilities.
1. Off-street parking spaces for dwellings shall be located on the same lot as the dwelling.
2. Off-street parking spaces for uses other than residential shall be located on the same lot as the use or on another lot not more than 300 feet from the building or use they are intended to serve, measured in a straight line from the building.
E. Change or Expansion of a Use. A site plan that changes the use of an existing structure or lot shall provide off-street parking and loading for the new use as required by this chapter. A site plan that enlarges an existing structure or use shall provide for additional parking and loading based only on the parking and loading requirements of the expansion.
F. Lighting. Light fixtures in parking or loading areas shall be consistent with RCW 47.36.180 on public roadways and not cast significant light or glare off-site on adjacent properties.
G. Surfacing. All surfaces of parking and loading spaces and related access drives and maneuvering areas shall be prepared consistent with standards approved by the town council.
H. Drainage. Stormwater drainage facilities for parking and loading spaces and related access drives and maneuvering areas shall be provided as specified by the town council.
I. Wheel Stops and Curbs. Parking and/or loading spaces on the perimeter of a parking lot or adjacent to interior landscaped areas or sidewalks shall include a wheel stop at least four inches high located three feet back from the front of the parking and/or loading space.
J. Maintenance of Parking and Loading Areas. Required parking and loading spaces and associated access and maneuvering drives shall be maintained in good repair at all times. [Ord. 371 § 11(A)(1), 1997.]
18.70.020 Calculation of parking requirements.
A site plan for a given use or uses shall show that at least the number of parking spaces required by Table 11A will be provided consistent with this chapter.
A. Where Table 11A requires a certain number of parking spaces based on the area of a building, the area shall be the gross floor area within the exterior walls of the structure, excluding the area of a building that encloses parking or loading spaces.
B. Where more than one use occupies a given structure or parcel of land or where a given business includes a combination of uses, the minimum required number of parking spaces shall be the sum of the requirements for each use, except to the extent the uses comply with the requirements of this chapter for shared parking.
C. Where a building may be used for more than one purpose, and the applicant does not limit the permitted uses in the building, parking spaces shall be provided based on the possible use(s) that require the most parking spaces.
D. Where Table 11A does not list the parking requirements for a proposed use, the town council shall determine the minimum parking requirements for the use, based on requirements in Table 11A for other similar uses, if any, or on substantial evidence of parking needs for similar uses in other, similar locations.
E. Up to 30 percent of required parking spaces and all parking spaces in excess of minimum requirements may comply with the standards for compact cars in Table 11B.
F. All parking areas shall comply with applicable local, state and federal standards regarding parking for disabled persons.
G. The town council may reduce the required number of parking spaces to less than that required in Table 11A if the town finds that a lesser number of off-street parking spaces will be enough to fulfill all parking needs of the use or development, based on substantial evidence in the applications, such as an adequate survey or parking demand at similar uses under similar conditions. The number of parking spaces for disabled persons may not be reduced under this section.
|
USE |
MINIMUM NUMBER OF PARKING SPACES |
|---|---|
|
A. Residential |
|
|
1. 1-, 2- and 3-unit family dwellings |
2 spaces/dwelling unit. Single-family and duplex parking may be tandem (one car behind the other). |
|
2. Multifamily dwelling containing 4 or more dwelling units |
1 1/2 spaces/dwelling unit |
|
3. Apartment, hotel, rooming or boarding house |
1 1/2 spaces/guest accommodation |
|
4. Residential care facility |
1 space/7 residents served under age of 12 1 space/5 residents served ages 12 – 17 1 space/4 residents served ages 18 years or older |
|
5. Retirement housing facilities |
1 space/each 3 units |
|
B. Commercial residential |
|
|
1. Hotel |
1 space/bedroom |
|
2. Motel |
1 space/bedroom |
|
3. Clubs/lodges |
Spaces to meet the combined requirements of the uses being conducted, such as hotel, restaurant, auditorium, etc. |
|
C. Institutions |
|
|
1. Welfare or correctional institutions |
1 space/3 beds for patients or inmates |
|
2. Convalescent hospital, nursing home, sanitarium, rest home, home for the aged |
1 space/3 beds for patients or residents |
|
3. Hospital |
2 spaces/bed |
|
D. Places of assembly |
|
|
1. Church |
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in the main auditorium |
|
2. Library, reading room, museum, art gallery |
1 space/400 square feet of floor area |
|
3. Preschool, nursery, kindergarten, mini-day care center or commercial day care center |
2 spaces/teacher or employee |
|
4. Elementary or junior high school |
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in auditorium or assembly room, whichever is greater |
|
5. High school |
1 space/employee, plus 1 space/each 6 students, or 1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in the auditorium, whichever is greater |
|
6. College, commercial school for adults |
1 space/3 seats in classroom |
|
7. Other auditoriums, meeting rooms |
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length |
|
E. Commercial amusements |
|
|
1. Stadium, arena, theater |
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length |
|
2. Bowling alley |
5 spaces/lane |
|
3. Dance hall, skating rink |
1 space/150 square feet of floor area |
|
F. Commercial |
|
|
1. Retail store except supermarkets and stores selling bulky merchandise and grocery stores, 1,500 square feet gross floor area or less |
1 space/350 square feet of floor area |
|
2. Commercial retail, 1,501 square feet or more |
1 space/350 square feet of floor area |
|
3. Service or repair shops |
1 space/200 square feet of floor area |
|
4. Retail stores and outlets selling furniture, automobiles or other bulky merchandise where the operator can show the bulky merchandise occupies the major area of the building |
1 space/600 square feet of floor area |
|
5. Bank, office (except medical and dental) |
1 space/400 square feet of floor area |
|
6. Medical and dental office or clinic |
1 space/200 square feet of floor area |
|
7. Eating or drinking establishments |
1 space/200 square feet of floor area |
|
8. Mortuaries |
1 space/4 seats or 8 feet of bench length |
|
G. Industrial |
|
|
1. Manufacturing establishment |
1 space/500 square feet |
|
2. Storage warehouse, wholesale establishment, rail or trucking freight terminal |
1 space/2,000 square feet of floor area |
[Ord. 371 § 11(A)(2), Table 11A, 1997.]
18.70.030 Parking design standards.
Off-street parking spaces shall comply with the standards for stalls and aisles, as set forth in Table 11B.
|
Angle (degrees) |
Type |
Stall width |
Stall depth |
Aisle width |
Curb length |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A |
|
B |
C |
D |
E |
|
0 |
Compact |
8.0 |
8.0 |
12.0 |
22.0 |
|
Standard |
9.0 |
9.0 |
12.0 |
22.0 |
|
|
45 |
Compact |
8.0 |
19.1 |
14.0 |
11.3 |
|
Standard |
9.0 |
19.8 |
13.0 |
12.7 |
|
|
60 |
Compact |
8.0 |
20.4 |
19.0 |
9.2 |
|
Standard |
9.0 |
21.8 |
18.0 |
10.4 |
|
|
70 |
Compact |
8.0 |
20.6 |
20.0 |
8.5 |
|
Standard |
9.0 |
21.0 |
19.0 |
9.6 |
|
|
90 |
Compact |
7.5 |
15.0 |
24.0 |
7.5 |
|
Standard |
9.0 |
20.0 |
24.0 |
9.0 |
[Ord. 371 § 11(A)(3), Table 11B, 1997.]
18.70.040 Loading space number and design standards.
A. Commercial, industrial and public utility uses that have a gross floor area of 5,000 square feet or more shall provide truck loading or unloading berths in accordance with the following table:
|
Square Feet of Floor Area |
Number of Berths Required |
|---|---|
|
Less than 5,000 |
0 |
|
5,000 – 30,000 |
1 |
|
30,000 – 100,000 |
2 |
|
100,000 and over |
3 |
B. Restaurants, office buildings, hotels, motels, hospitals and institutions, schools and colleges, public buildings, recreation or entertainment facilities, and any similar use that has a gross floor area of 30,000 square feet or more, shall provide off-street truck loading or unloading berths in accordance with the following table:
|
Square Feet of Floor Area |
Number of Berths Required |
|---|---|
|
Less than 30,000 |
0 |
|
30,000 – 100,000 |
1 |
|
100,000 and over |
2 |
C. A loading berth shall be at least 12 feet wide and 35 feet long, and have a height clearance of 14 feet. Where the vehicles generally used for loading and unloading exceed these dimensions, the required length of these berths shall be increased. [Ord. 371 § 11(A)(4), 1997.]
18.70.050 Access and circulation – Applicability.
This chapter applies to new development that includes parking or loading areas or vehicle, bicycle or pedestrian circulation, including changes to access and circulation of existing development. [Ord. 371 § 11(B)(1), 1997.]
18.70.060 Vehicle access and circulation generally.
A. Availability. Access and circulation required for a proposed use or development shall be improved to the standards in this chapter before the county issues an occupancy permit or final inspection for the use or development in question.
B. Joint Access. The town council may authorize joint access by two or more uses if:
1. The town council finds the access will comply with other applicable access and circulation standards of this chapter.
2. Before the county issues a building permit for the use or development on one lot that will be served by the shared access on another lot, the applicant shall submit to the town council and the county cross-easements or equivalent agreements executed by the owners of the affected properties and filed permanently in town and county records with deeds to the properties authorizing use of the properties for the proposed shared access.
C. Access and circulation drives shall comply with the applicable location standards of this chapter and shall be wide enough to safely accommodate the traffic that will use it consistent with standards approved by the town council. Each parking and loading space shall have access from a street by means of such a drive.
D. Except for single-family and duplex dwellings, it shall be practicable for a typical driver to enter and exit all loading spaces and to enter and exit all groups of more than two parking spaces without backing or maneuvering in a public street other than an alley. [Ord. 371 § 11(B)(2), 1997.]
18.70.070 Pedestrian circulation.
Pedestrian circulation shall be provided consistent with the following:
Where pedestrian or bicycle routes cross access, maneuvering, parking or loading areas, the crossing must be clearly identified by using striping, elevation changes, speed bumps, a different paving material, and/or other method that effectively alerts drivers, pedestrians and cyclists of the location and nature of the crossing. [Ord. 371 § 11(B)(3), 1997.]
18.70.080 Access standards for drive-in, drive-up and drive-through uses.
A. All uses providing drive-in, drive-up and drive-through services as defined by this chapter shall provide on the same site queuing spaces for in-bound vehicles as follows:
|
Use |
Requirement |
|---|---|
|
Drive-in banks |
5 spaces/service terminal |
|
Drive-in restaurant |
10 spaces/service window |
|
Gasoline service stations |
3 spaces/pump |
|
Mechanical car washes |
3 spaces/washing unit |
|
Parking facilities: |
|
|
Free-flow entry |
1 space/entry driveway |
|
Ticket dispense entry |
2 spaces/entry driveway |
|
Manual ticket dispensing |
8 spaces/entry driveway. Attendant parking 10% of the parking driveway capacity served by the driveway |
|
Other facilities |
To be set in site plan or conditional use review. |
B. A vehicle queuing space shall be 18 feet long and eight feet wide and shall not be used for backing and maneuvering space for parking or other purposes.
C. Access for Disabled Persons. Parking and access structures shall be constructed to conform to applicable provisions of the American Disability Act which are set forth in the Uniform Building Code. [Ord. 371 § 11(B)(4), 1997.]