Chapter 20.42
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING
Sections:
20.42.020 Permit requirements.
20.42.030 Off-street parking standards.
20.42.040 Required off-street parking spaces.
20.42.060 Performance standards.
20.42.070 Development standards.
20.42.080 Construction and maintenance.
20.42.090 Special considerations.
20.42.110 Dimensional requirements.
20.42.130 Nonconforming parking.
20.42.010 Purpose.
It is the purpose of this chapter to assure an adequate number of off-street parking spaces and to provide adequate vehicular and pedestrian ingress, egress and loading facilities which will reduce on-street parking; increase traffic safety; maintain smooth traffic flow; and reduce the visual impact of parking lots. Further it is the intent of this chapter to ensure that off-street parking and loading facilities are designed in a manner that will ensure efficiency, protect public safety, and, where appropriate, protect surrounding land uses from adverse impacts. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.020 Permit requirements.
A. Off-street parking and loading facilities shall be required at the time of initial occupancy of a site, operation of commercial or industrial activities, change in use, construction of a structure, or major alteration or enlargement of a site or structure.
B. All required parking areas shall be made permanently available and maintained for parking purposes only. No building permit or notice of action for a land use activity shall be issued until plans showing provisions for the required off-street parking areas have been submitted and approved in accordance with the regulation prescribed in this chapter. Every lot or parcel of land or portion thereof used as a public or private parking area shall be developed and maintained in accordance with this chapter.
C. For the purposes of these requirements, “major alteration or enlargement” means a change of use or an addition that would increase the number of parking spaces or loading berths required by this chapter by more than five parking spaces or greater than ten percent of the total parking spaces required for the alteration or enlargement. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.030 Off-street parking standards.
A. Off-street parking and loading spaces shall be provided as established in DCC Section 20.42.040. These parking requirements are referenced to spaces per square foot and are to be computed on the basis of gross floor area unless otherwise specified in this chapter. Gross floor area shall mean the total floor area or ground area where applicable, minus the following floor area deductions:
1. Elevator shafts and stairways;
2. Public restrooms;
3. Public lobbies, common mall areas, atriums and courtyards provided solely for pedestrian access to the building from the exterior, and/or for aesthetic enhancement or natural lighting purposes; and/or
4. Permanently designated corridors (i.e., not subject to relocation by the requirements of a specific lease).
B. Where the use is undetermined or not listed in DCC Section 20.42.040, the director shall determine the probable use and the number of parking and loading spaces required. In order to make this determination, the director may require the submission of relative survey data or additional information from the applicant, collected at the applicant’s expense.
C. If required off-street parking has been proposed to be off site, the applicant shall provide a written contract with affected landowners showing that the required off-street parking shall be provided in a manner consistent with the provisions of this chapter. The contracts shall be reviewed by the review authority for compliance with this chapter. Contracts shall be recorded with the Douglas County auditor upon approval as a deed restriction on the title to all applicable properties.
D. An applicant may request a modification of the minimum required number of parking spaces by demonstrating through the submission of relative survey data, engineering reports, or other relevant information that parking demand can be met with a reduced parking requirement. In such cases, the review authority may approve a reduction of up to fifty percent of the minimum required number of spaces as an administrative decision. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.040 Required off-street parking spaces.
|
Use Classification |
Off-Street Parking Standards |
|---|---|
|
Residential |
|
|
Residential dwelling, two-family dwellings, manufactured home parks, multifamily dwellings less than 12 units |
2 spaces per unit |
|
Accessory housing |
1 additional space |
|
Group homes |
1 space per 5 residents, and 1 space per staff person |
|
Bed and breakfast |
1 space per guest room, 2 spaces for the residence |
|
Agriculture |
|
|
Agriculturally related industries: packing plants, processing and other similar uses, storage facilities |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Controlled atmosphere storage, warehouse, refrigeration |
1 space for each 5,000 s.f. of gross floor area and 1 space per employee at peak shift |
|
Winery and similar uses |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of gross floor area for patrons; 1 space per 2.5 attendees for promotional events, concerts, or similar activities |
|
Produce stand, agricultural market |
1 space per 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Agricultural equipment and/or chemicals sales |
1 space per 300 s.f. of office, retail or display area and 1 space per 1,000 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Nursery or greenhouse |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of the retail sales area, 1 space per each 2,000 s.f. of exterior nursery sales area |
|
Amusement and Recreation |
|
|
Game rooms, card rooms, electronic game rooms |
1 space for each 400 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Horse racing tracks, speedways, grandstands |
1 space for each 3 fixed seats or 54" of bench seating |
|
Bowling alleys |
5 spaces for each lane |
|
Golf course |
3 spaces per hole plus 1 space per 300 s.f. of club house facilities |
|
Golf driving range |
1 space per tee |
|
Gymnasiums, exercise facilities |
1 space for each 100 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Movie theaters |
1 space for each 4 seats |
|
Auditoriums, exhibition halls |
1 space for each 100 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Marina/boat moorage |
1 space per 5 boat berths. If a boat launch is proposed, at least 30% of the spaces shall be at least 9' x 35' to accommodate cars with trailers |
|
Grange, community hall, reception hall, wedding chapel |
1 space for each 75 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Retail, Trade, and Services |
|
|
Automobile and truck, manufactured home, travel trailer sales |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of showroom and 1 space for each 1,000 s.f. of retail sales ground area |
|
Automobile maintenance and service shops Car wash Paint and body repair Specialized repair shops (battery, radiator) |
2 spaces per service area including work bays 1 space per wash bay 2 spaces per service area including work bays 2 spaces per service area including work bays |
|
Beauty and barber shops |
1 space for each chair and 1 space for each employee |
|
Building, lumber and contractors yard |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of retail space and/or 1 space for each 1,500 s.f. of interior/exterior warehouse/storage area |
|
Drug stores |
1 space for each 200 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Farm supplies |
1 space for each 800 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Furniture, home furnishings, appliances |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Grocery store |
1 space for each 200 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Hardware store |
1 space for each 400 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Heating and plumbing equipment stores |
1 space for each 400 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Heavy equipment, tractor, and farm equipment repair |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of office or sales floor area, 2 spaces per bay plus 1 space per employee, and 1 space for each 2,500 s.f. of open sale/display area |
|
Liquor stores |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Motels and hotels |
1 space for each guest room |
|
Paint, glass and wall paper stores |
1 space for each 400 s.f. of retail floor area and 1 space per 1,000 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Professional office building |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Restaurants, cafes, and drive-in eating facilities, tavern, lounge, dining, drinking, and dance establishments |
1 space for each 100 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Retail trade establishments not listed |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Service stations |
2 spaces for working/service area, including bays |
|
Maintenance facilities |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Self-service storage facilities |
1 space per 100 storage units, 3 spaces minimum |
|
Wholesale trade/warehouses/manufacturing or storage |
1 space for each 500 s.f. of retail floor area and 1 space per employee on the shift of greatest employment |
|
Auto wrecking yards, wrecking and dismantling yards |
15 spaces for sites up to ten acres, 25 spaces over ten acres |
|
Community Services |
|
|
Churches, synagogues, temples and funeral homes |
1 space per 200 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Fire and police stations |
1 space for each employee and 1 space for each 200 s.f. of gross floor area of office |
|
Halfway house (detention center) |
1 space for each 2 beds |
|
Schools: Primary, elementary Junior, senior |
1 space for each 20 students of design capacity 1 space for each 3 students and 1 space for each faculty and staff member of design capacity, plus 1 space for each administrative office. |
|
Libraries |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Museums, art galleries |
1 space for each 300 s.f. of gross floor area |
|
Preschool, day care centers |
1 space for each employee, plus 1 space pick-up and drop-off space, plus 1 space per 10 children |
|
Government/municipal offices |
1 space for each 200 s.f. of gross floor area |
(Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 00-02-06 Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.045 Off-street loading.
Off-street loading shall be required for all commercial/industrial/agricultural establishments which are engaged in retailing or wholesaling of merchandise requiring frequent loading or unloading from trucks or other large vehicles.
|
Total Gross Floor Area of Building(s) |
Required Space |
|
Less than 10,000 s.f. |
1 |
|
10,000 s.f. to 25,000 s.f. |
2 |
|
25,000 s.f. to 50,000 s.f. |
3 |
|
Each additional 50,000 s.f. or fraction thereof |
1 additional |
A. Loading Space Size. The required space shall be of adequate size to accommodate the maximum number and size of vehicles simultaneously loading or unloading at the structure. Each off-street loading space shall have a minimum of twelve feet in width and forty-five feet in length. This space shall not include any area designated for off-street parking.
B. Loading Space Location. The required loading and related maneuvering space shall be located on or abutting the property served and shall not include any designated off-street parking areas. No part of any vehicle using the loading space shall project into the right-of-way of any public or private road.
C. Any loading space located within one hundred feet of areas zoned for residential use shall be designed and operated as necessary to reduce noise and visual impacts. Noise and visual mitigation measures may include a combination of architectural or structural barriers, landscaping, berms and/or restrictions on the hours of operation. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.060 Performance standards.
A. Parking areas associated with existing single-family dwellings shall be exempt from the provisions of this chapter, except as provided in DCC Section 20.42.040.
B. Off-street parking spaces and driveways shall not be used at any time for purposes other than the intended use, i.e., the temporary storage of motor vehicles, materials, or for the repair, sale, or servicing of any vehicle.
C. Any area once designated for required off-street parking or loading facilities shall not be used for any other purpose unless and until equal facilities are provided elsewhere, and a site plan has been approved to reflect the change.
D. Off-street parking shall be prohibited in a required front yard area in all use districts, unless an eight-foot-wide landscaped planting strip is provided nearest the front property line in order to provide separation between the parking area and the road or street right-of-way. The landscaping shall be in accordance with DCC Chapter 20.40. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.070 Development standards.
A. Site Plan. For every new and enlarged off-street parking lot a site plan shall be submitted with the application and approved by the review authority prior to the issuance of a building or land use permit. The site plan shall include the following:
1. The parking area location, size, shape, and design of the parking spaces;
2. The location and technical details of all access points, driveways, intersecting roads or streets; and
3. The location of curb cuts, lighting, drainage, landscaping, irrigation and other features for the proposed parking lot development.
B. Lighting. Lighting within parking areas shall meet the provisions of DCC Section 18.16.270, Light and glare.
C. Landscaping. All parking areas shall meet the provisions of DCC Chapter 20.40, Landscaping Standards.
D. Disabled Person Parking. Disabled persons parking spaces shall comply with the requirements of DCC Title 15 and the American National Standard ICC A117.1-2009, as amended.
E. Entrances, Exits, and Circulation.
1. The location of all points of ingress and egress to parking areas shall be consistent with DCC Title 17 and approved by the county engineer.
2. In all commercial, industrial, and multifamily developments, parking areas shall be arranged to avoid any vehicles from backing onto any road or public right-of-way.
3. Adjacent industrial properties shall be connected internally by a driveway or other access ways. The access shall be a minimum of twenty-two feet wide and improved with a paved surface as approved by the county engineer. The director or county engineer may waive this requirement if an internally connected access driveway conflicts with the business operation or poses a public safety problem. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Res. TLS 06‑13 § 1 (part); Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.080 Construction and maintenance.
All non-single-family off-street parking and loading areas shall be constructed in the following manner, and all maintenance activities shall be the responsibility of each property owner:
A. Surfacing. Off-street parking and loading areas within an industrial district, rural service center or for agriculturally related industries (packing plants, refrigerated storage, etc.) shall be surfaced with asphalt, concrete, similar materials or other innovative techniques meeting adopted standards, as approved by the county engineer, administrator, or stormwater engineer.
B. Stormwater management shall be provided pursuant to DCC Chapters 20.34, Stormwater Drainage, and 20.36, Construction and Post-Construction Stormwater.
C. Border/Barricades. Each parking space adjacent to buildings, walls, landscaped areas, road or street rights-of-way and/or sidewalks shall be provided with a concrete curb or bumper at least six inches in height at or within two feet of the front of such space.
D. All parking spaces shall be marked by durable painted lines at least four inches wide and extending the length of the stall or by curbs or other means approved by the review authority to indicate individual parking stalls. Directional arrows shall be clearly marked on paved surfaces in order to provide a safe pattern of traffic movement.
E. The owner or lessee of a required parking area shall maintain the paved surface, drainage facilities, landscaping, and irrigation facilities in conformance with the standards of the DCC and the approved site plan.
F. Any parking spaces abutting a landscaped area on the driver or passenger side of the vehicle shall provide an additional eighteen inches more than the minimum space width requirement to provide a space to step other than on the landscaped area. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.090 Special considerations.
A. Mixed Occupancies. Mixed use occupancies are in a building or buildings occupied by more than one business or located on a lot. The total required parking spaces for mixed use occupancies in a building or buildings shall be the sum of the requirement of the individual uses as set forth above in DCC Section 20.42.040.
B. Joint Use/Shared Parking. Owners of two or more uses/structures or parcels of land within three hundred feet of each other may share the same parking or loading area when the hours of operation do not overlap. Whenever shared parking is allowed the following shall apply:
1. The building or use for which the application is being made may utilize the existing off-street parking facilities provided by another building or use, provided the facility is located within three hundred feet;
2. The applicant shall show that there is no substantial conflict in the principal operating hours of the building or uses for which the joint use of off-street parking facilities is proposed;
3. The applicant shall enter into a legal agreement with the other parties participating in the joint parking use. Such instrument, when approved as conforming to the provisions of the DCC, shall be recorded in the office of the county auditor and copies thereof filed with the director;
4. Such joint use shall not exceed forty percent of the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately, unless:
a. The normal hours of operation for each use are separated by at least one hour, or
b. The total number of required spaces in the common parking facility is not less than the minimum required spaces for any single use.
C. Local Transit Improvements. A proposed development which provides for local transit improvements through the dedication of additional right-of-way, as necessary, on public roads or on-site transit facilities may reduce off-street parking requirements by fifteen percent. Local transit improvements may include, but are not limited to, shelters, benches, bus turnouts and similar improvements which directly benefit the users of the development. This provision shall be approved by the director, in consultation with the local transit authority. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.110 Dimensional requirements.
A. Seventy-five percent of all required off-street parking shall be large parking spaces. Up to twenty-five percent of the required off-street parking may be small parking spaces.
B. Large parking spaces shall be a minimum of nine feet in width by eighteen feet in length. Small parking spaces shall be a minimum of eight and one-half feet by sixteen feet. The minimum area requirement for each parking space, together with access and maneuvering areas, shall not be less than four hundred square feet per parking space or stall.
C. Aisle widths and maneuvering areas shall be designed in general compliance with the standards contained in subsections A and B of this section. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.120 Time of completion.
All parking required by this title shall be installed prior to occupancy or commencement of use unless a performance assurance is provided pursuant to DCC Chapter 14.90. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
20.42.130 Nonconforming parking.
Any use which, on the effective date of the ordinance codified in this section or any amendments hereto, is nonconforming in terms of the off-street parking spaces or facilities required may continue in the same manner as if it were conforming. However, the number of existing off-street parking spaces shall not be reduced.
A. When an existing structure with nonconforming parking is expanded, or a nonconforming use is changed to another use, additional parking is required; the additional parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of the DCC. For building enlargements, the number of additional spaces shall be computed only to the extent of the enlargement, regardless of whether or not the number of previously existing spaces satisfies the requirements of this chapter.
B. When the use of an existing lot or structure with nonconforming parking is changed to another use listed above in DCC Sections 20.42.030 and 20.42.040, the nonconformity shall cease and the new use shall provide all the required off-street parking in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. (Ord. TLS 13-05-23B Exh. B (part): Ord. TLS 97-10-71B Exh. H (part))
Parking Design Standards
FIGURE 1 20.42.110
Minimum One-Way Parking Depths
Parking Design Standards
FIGURE 2 20.42.110
Minimum Two-Way Parking Depths