7. BE SUSTAINABLE

Goal T-6: As the transportation system is planned, designed, built, maintained and operated, provide mobility for all using reasonably assured revenue sources while minimizing environmental impacts.

Background

Kirkland faces challenges related to both fiscal and environmental sustainability that affect the transportation system.

Fundamental to economic sustainability is the need to keep costs for transportation in line with expected revenue. A list of unfunded transportation projects should be developed to provide opportunities for grant funding or other unexpected revenue sources and as a way of indicating future aspirations for the transportation system. Transportation impact fees are a source of revenue that can be used for a variety of transportation projects, including the Cross Kirkland Corridor, that meet certain criteria.

Maintaining existing infrastructure in good condition is a critical requirement of sustainability. Kirkland’s residents have continued to show support for maintenance efforts by passing a Street Levy in 2012. The bulk of the funding from the levy goes toward pavement maintenance. There are a number of other systems – sidewalks, traffic signals, lighting systems – that do not currently have robust maintenance programs and this transportation element proposes remedying that shortcoming.

Because roughly half of greenhouse gas emissions are transportation related, it is virtually impossible to meet adopted climate change goals without changing the way we travel. Electric vehicles may be one way that technology can help meet this challenge. Auto-based transportation is also a primary contributor to water and air pollution. It is increasingly being recognized that active transportation like walking and bicycling can play important roles in promoting public health in a community.

Natural disasters have the potential to severely damage or destroy key links and systems in the transportation network. Sustaining the transportation system requires planning for the prevention of and recovery from such events.

Sustainability also encompasses accessibility of transportation. The transportation system should be accessible and provide benefit to all users throughout Kirkland regardless of mobility, vision, hearing and cognitive capabilities.

In accordance with Federal and State law, care is needed to ensure that low-income, special needs and minority populations are not unduly subject to negative impacts from transportation improvements and that they are fully included in decision making processes.

Policy T-6.1: Balance overall public capital expenditures and revenues for transportation.

Because certain projects are good candidates for specific types of funding and for other reasons, there is a need to maintain a list of “unfunded” projects, but the cost of all unfunded projects should be a small percentage of the expected revenue over the life of the 20-year plan. The unfunded list should also be focused on the goals of the transportation element rather than a collection of unconnected projects.

Impact fees are a means for new growth to pay for a fair share of system improvements, funding projects that benefit the entire transportation system, not just a particular development. In Kirkland, transportation impact fees represent up to about 15 percent of the expected revenue over the next 20 years.

Fundamental to Kirkland’s transportation vision is the concept that Kirkland’s transportation system is multimodal. Therefore, all types of projects contribute to the capacity of the transportation system and are therefore eligible for impact fees. Because of this, impact fee calculations should be based on person trips rather than vehicle trips.

Notably, the Cross Kirkland Corridor is eligible for impact fees because of the capacity it provides as a vital link for north-south transportation.

Many types of funding are used to fund the transportation system:

Capital Project Funding
Source	Annual Amount (million)
Gas tax	$0.56
Business licenses	$0.27
Real estate excise tax	$1.42
Street levy	$2.60
Solid waste fund	$0.30
Surface water fund	$0.50
Impact fees	$2.00
Grants	$3.50
Developer fees	$1.25
Other	$0.25
TOTAL	$12.65
$12.50 million per year; $250 million over 20 years.

20-Year Transportation Project List/Transportation Capital Facilities Plan

A 20-year project list is a required component of the Transportation Element and of the Capital Facilities Element of the Comprehensive Plan. It is a set of projects that is estimated, at a high level, to be funded within reasonably expected revenue. As described below, for some categories project detail is available, and in other areas, less detail is available. In these cases, a placeholder amount of funding is shown as necessary to complete the 20-year list. The costs projected for many projects are at the early planning level. The 20-year project list is formally adopted as the Transportation Capital Facilities Plan.

Because the 20-year transportation project list will be updated regularly, it should be viewed as a document that gives planning direction and that reflects the policy direction in the Transportation Element, rather than spelling out the specifics of each project to be completed between now and 2035. Revisiting the 20-year transportation project list when the Capital Improvement Program is updated would be a logical course of action. The Six-Year Capital Improvement Program is the document that draws on the 20-year transportation project list to develop a set of specific projects that can be programmed with immediately available revenue. Consistent with the Totem Lake Business District Plan, spending on the 20-year list is prioritized to support development of the Regional Center. One example of this prioritization is the designation of an opportunity fund to respond to and support development in the Totem Lake Urban Center. (See Policy T-5.4.)

Once overall funding levels were established, the 20-year project list was established as follows:

1. By policy, recognize a 20-year street maintenance budget of approximately $85 million of street levy and other committed funds.

2. Following the Goals and Policies in this chapter, establish project categories within each main area of the transportation element (Safety, Maintenance, Walk, Bike, Transit, and Auto).

3. For each project category, develop a recommended set of funded projects. For most project categories, this is based on a combination of factors: a) projects that will meet the goals and policies in the transportation element selected from a variety of sources; b) fiscal balance across project types; c) projects that have been previously considered; and d) judgment of a sensible level of completeness for a project category. Sometimes it represents a placeholder amount awaiting another level of analysis. Often a study is called for that will provide guidance for more detailed project analysis.

The illustration (above) shows how vision, goals and policies, funding and land use influence the 20-year transportation network. The network is the source of projects for the six-year funded CIP and unfunded projects are also part of the list.

It is expected that the 20-year transportation project list will serve as a main source of future transportation Capital Improvement Program projects and individual projects will be prioritized within groups based on the prioritization criteria in the Goals and Policies of the Transportation Element. As mentioned above, the 20-year project list should be updated at least every two years in coordination with the Capital Improvement Program process. Revenue assumptions and level of funding will be adjusted with each biennial budget.

An initial allocation of funding has been made as summarized in the following table which contains eight columns headed as follows:

1. Mode: This is the general category of project. In addition to Walk, Bike, Transit and Auto, Safety and Maintenance are included as modes for simplicity. The Safety and Maintenance areas actually have projects in several modes.

2. Category: Categories divide the modes into project areas, like school walk routes vs. projects that support sidewalks in 10-minute neighborhoods. This column includes map reference number.

3. Basis for 20-Year Funding: This describes how the funding amount was set for the 20-year transportation project list in a particular category.

4. 20-Year Funding: This is a planning level estimate of the amount needed to fund the basis for the 20-year list in millions of dollars.

5. Early Priorities: As the title suggests, this is staff’s recommendation for the first projects that should be funded in the CIP from this category. Projects that meet multiple policy objectives and grant-funded projects were ranked as high priority and should be reflected in the current CIP process.

6. Key Unfunded Elements: Projects that are not included in the basis for 20-year funding column are described here. Not all categories have an entry in this column.

7. Unfunded Costs: Funding necessary for the key unfunded elements.

8. Transportation Master Plan Policy Support: Policies from the Master Plan that support the mode.

The 20-Year Transportation Plan will be periodically reevaluated to ensure that anticipated revenues can support full implementation of the 20-Year Transportation Plan. This reevaluation will take into consideration the City’s current status related to meeting its stated transportation level of service standard. It will also take into consideration the updated revenue forecasts. Any reprioritization of projects will also take into account the applicable goals and policies included in the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan. If after reprioritizing projects, the City’s level of service cannot be maintained, the City will evaluate strategies to identify additional revenue, modify land use assumptions, or adjust the level of service standards.

This chart shows the split, by mode, of funding for the 20-Year Transportation Plan. Note that many projects include safety benefits, not just those designated as safety projects.

20-Year Project Table Part A
Mode	Category	Basis for 20 yr Funding	20 yr Funding (million)	Early Priorities	Key Unfunded Elements	Unfunded Cost	Transportation Master Plan Policy Support
Safety	Vision Zero Safety	Opportunity fund for projects that result from Vision Zero process	$1.0	Develop a Vision Zero program	Unsure until Vision Zero gets started		Develop a Vision Zero safety plan that is multi-disciplinary and focuses on innovative approaches to safety
	New signals, driveway management, flashing yellow arrow	Opportunity fund. Estimate of need.	$3.0	Flashing yellow candidate intersections	May need more or different new signal locations, driveway mitigation areas, etc.	New signals at around $.75 m each	Reduce crash rates for motor vehicles, mitigate impacts of motor vehicles on neighborhood streets.
	Neighborhood Traffic Control Program	Opportunity fund. Same funding level as when program was previously funded.	$1.0	Previously identified locations, Slater Ave.	This level of funding should be adequate to meet the currently anticipated need.
Maintenance	Pavement	Pavement Condition Index, meeting 20-year targets of 70 for arterials and collectors and 74 for other streets.	$85.0	Based on existing condition.	Should be adequate to achieve PCI target.		Previous policy decision.
	Signals	Basic replacement schedule.	$7.5	Oldest signals/equipment.	Some items will be obsolete before they are replaced.	$13.5	Place high priority on maintenance, use ITS.
	Markings	Estimate of need.	$12.0	Annual inspection.	Funding level should be adequate; reevaluate in the future.		Place high priority on maintenance, increase safety, improve facilities, and build networks for bikes.
	Sidewalk	Opportunity fund. Same funding level as past years.	$4.0	Base on inventory of sidewalk conditions. Expected to be completed in 2015.	Reassess after inventory is completed.		Place high priority on maintenance. Remove barriers to walking, improve safety of walking, integrate transit with ped/bike networks.

20-Year Project Table Part B
Mode	Category	Basis for 20-Yr Funding	20-Yr Funding (million)	Early Priorities	Key Unfunded Elements	Unfunded Cost	Transportation Master Plan Policy Support
Walk	School Walk Routes	Complete sidewalk on one side of arterials and collectors.	$4.5	Places where these 3 categories overlap. Also Revised Active Transportation Plan.	Local streets.		Walking: remove barriers, increase safety, improve walk to school. Improve pedestrian connections to transit. Improve walkable neighborhoods, connect to commercial areas. Promote energy efficient modes, reduce pollution, and provide mobility for all users.
	10 min Neighborhoods	Top 2 groups on arterials and collectors.	$6.0		Other categories of 10 minute walkability, other street classifications.	$9
	Arterials and Collectors	Missing sidewalks on principal arterials.	$3.0		Compete sidewalk on other streets.	Has not been estimated.
	New crosswalks, poor lighting, fewer improvements, at signals	Improving lighting at candidate locations on all streets, locations with few improvements on arterials, new crosswalks, improvements at signals.	$9.5	Group of crosswalks on arterials, NE 124/113 NE signal.	Crosswalks on local streets.	Has not been estimated.	All policies for sidewalks (above) plus, improve crossings for pedestrians.
	CKC	Opportunity fund. Some design and some construction of the CKC to master plan vision and completion of some connections to the corridor.	$15.0	Design of NE 124th/124th NE bridge, South Kirkland park and ride to 6th section. Connections to Park Place, Forbes Creek Drive.	Complete design and construction of corridor and connections.	Design and construction of complete corridor is estimated at $70 to $80 m. Full connection costs have not been estimated.	Develop CKC for walking and biking, integrate ped and bike networks with transit, promote energy efficient modes, reduce pollution, implement transit on CKC, provide mobility for all users.
	Other trails	Opportunity fund. Need plan from revised Active Transportation Plan.	$2.0	Connections between Finn Hill and Juanita Beach area.	Reassess after Plan is completed.
	Accessibility	Opportunity fund, placeholder funding amount.	$7.0	Complete ADA Transition plan.	Reassess after Plan is completed.		Remove barriers to walking, provide mobility for all users, minimize impacts to special need populations.

20-Year Project Table Part C
Mode	Category	Basis for 20-Yr Funding	20-Yr Funding (million)	Early Priorities	Key Unfunded Elements	Unfunded Cost	Transportation Master Plan Policy Support
Bike	On Street/Protected	Juanita Drive, protected lane placeholder, other restriping.	$18.0	Juanita Drive and Lakefront grants.	Need to define after revised Active Transportation Plan.		Improve safety, create and improve on street bikeways, bicycle connections to transit, connect to commercial areas.
Bike	Greenways	Complete network.	$6.0	NE 75th/Kirkland Way NE 140th NE 100th 128th Ave	Bridges over I-405 at NE 90th and NE 140th Streets. Redefine after revised Active Transportation Plan.	$9	Improve safety, build a network of greenways, bicycle connections to transit, connect to commercial areas.
Transit	Speed and Reliability	Placeholder – need transit plan.	$6.5	Complete transit plan.	Transit on CKC.	Has not been estimated.	Create environment to support transit service, partner to provide transit projects in exchange for service.
Transit	Passenger Environment	Improvements at 30 high ridership stops need transit plan.	$4.0	Complete transit plan.	Kingsgate P&R TOD.	$30 (placeholder estimate)	Support safe and comfortable passenger facilities.
Auto	Efficiency	Placeholder amounts for connecting additional signals, updating control methods, better traveler information.	$5.5	Complete existing ITS projects, revised ITS plan.	Need to define after revised ITS plan.		Use ITS to support optimization of roadway networks.
	Respond to Support Development	Opportunity fund for downtown, Totem Lake and parking.	$13.0	Totem Lake Mall improvements (funded separately) downtown parking solutions.	Connections in Totem Lake have not been estimated.		Make investments in capacity to support proposed land use, support economic development goals, tailor improvements to commercial land use districts.
	Other Auto Projects	NE 132nd, Juanita Drive, 100th Avenue, interchange development funds.	$35.0	100th Avenue design and construction.	Many other projects are on the current unfunded CIP list.		Make strategic investments in intersection and street capacity, work with WSDOT and interchange improvements.

In addition to the capital projects in the preceding tables, there are non-capital expenditures needed to support the vision and goals of this plan.

Mode	Category	Description	20 Yr. Funding ($m)
Walk	Support	Maps, wayfinding, encouragement, promotion (see chart in Goal T-2 Background section)	1.3
Bike	Support	$0.56	1.6
Transit	Service	Kirkland may wish to purchase or provide transit service.	10.0
Transit	Support/Transportation Demand Management	Promotion of transit, management of CTR and TMP sites, matching funds for grants (see Policy T-3.4)	1.3

Transportation Capital Facilities Plan
USE OF FUNDS
Transportation Capital Facilities Plan 2019-2035
CIP Project Number	Project Title	Included in Impact Fee Calculation?	Capacity Project for Concurrency?	Funded in CIP						Six-Year Funded CIP 2019-2024	2025-2035 CIP Projects	Candidate Projects for Unanticipated Revenue
CIP Project Number	Project Title	Included in Impact Fee Calculation?	Capacity Project for Concurrency?	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	Six-Year Funded CIP 2019-2024	2025-2035 CIP Projects	Candidate Projects for Unanticipated Revenue
STC0060000	Annual Street Preservation Program	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	1,166,000	796,000	1,750,000	1,750,000	1,750,000	1,750,000	8,962,000	22,750,000
STC0060300	Street Levy Street Preservation	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	1,613,000	997,000	2,433,000	2,460,000	2,488,000	2,516,000	12,507,000	31,107,000
STC0060400	Central Way Street Preservation	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	214,000						214,000
STC0060500	Totem Lake Roadway Repair	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	1,700,000	1,320,000					3,020,000
STC0060600	6th Street South Street Preservation	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	1,000,000	1,200,000					2,200,000
STC0060700	98th Avenue NE Street Preservation	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	320,000	1,702,000					2,022,000
STC0591200	124th Ave NE Roadway Improvements (North Section) ROW	Yes R10	Yes	802,000	1,393,000					2,195,000
STC0591300	124th Ave NE Roadway Improvements (North Section) Construction	Yes R10	Yes			760,000	3,455,000	1,185,000		5,400,000
STC0800000	Annual Striping Program	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	500,000	500,000	500,000	500,000	500,000	500,000	3,000,000	6,500,000
STC0831300 #	100th Ave NE Roadway Improvements (North Section)	Yes R10	Yes	2,500,000	1,036,000					3,536,000
STC0831400 #	100th Ave NE Roadway Improvements (Mid-North Section)	Yes R10	Yes	3,517,000	1,762,000					5,279,000
STC0890000	Juanita Drive Intersection and Safety Improvements	Yes R12	Yes	3,300,000	2,000,000	1,300,000				6,600,000
STC9999000	Regional Inter-Agency Coordination	No - not capacity	No - not capacity	82,000	82,000	82,000	82,000	82,000	82,000	492,000	820,000
NMC0061000	Street Levy - Safe School Walk Routes	Yes NM4*	Yes			150,000	150,000	150,000	150,000	600,000	1,500,000
NMC0062000	Street Levy - Pedestrian Safety	No - safety	No - safety	150,000	150,000	150,000	150,000	150,000	150,000	900,000	1,500,000
NMC0062100	Neighborhood Safety Program Improvements	No - safety	No - safety	200,000	200,000					400,000
NMC0120400	Central Way Crosswalk Upgrade	Yes NM5	Yes	50,000	50,000					100,000
NMC0570000	Annual Sidewalk Maintenance Program	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	1,200,000	2,000,000
NMC0570100	Grant Funded Sidewalk Maintenance and Repair Program	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	2,000,000						2,000,000
NMC0710000	NE 132nd Street Sidewalk Improvement	No - safety	No	250,000						250,000
NMC0810000	CKC to Redmond Central Connector	Yes NM4	Yes	1,239,000						1,239,000
NMC0861000	NE 124th St/124th Ave NE Pedestrian Bridge (TL Nonmotorized Bridge)	Yes NM3	Yes	5,593,100						5,593,100
NMC0870000	Citywide School Walk Route Enhancements	Yes NM4*	Yes	1,270,000	400,000	300,000	300,000	300,000	300,000	2,870,000	3,000,000
NMC0871000	North Kirkland/JFK School Walk Route Enhancements	Yes NM4*	Yes	450,000	500,000					950,000
NMC0901000	Juanita Drive Multimodal (On-Street) Improvements	Yes NM1	Yes		525,000					525,000
NMC0950000	124th Avenue NE Sidewalk Improvements	Yes NM1, NM4	Yes	400,000						400,000
NMC0980000	Kirkland Avenue Sidewalk Improvements	Yes NM4	Yes				400,000	200,000		600,000
NMC1090000	Citywide Trail Connections (Non-CKC)	No - not capacity	No - not capacity		275,000					275,000
NMC1090200	Lake Front Promenade Design Study	No - study	No - study		75,000					75,000
NMC1101000	Citywide Accessibility Improvements	No - not capacity	No - not capacity	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	600,000	1,000,000
NMC1130000	Citywide Greenways Networks	Yes NM2	Yes		250,00	250,000	250,000	250,000	250,000	1,250,000	2,500,000
NMC1130200	Citywide Greenways Network Project-128th Avenue NE	Yes NM2	Yes	400,000						400,000
NMC1150000	CKC Emergent Projects Opportunity Fund	Yes NM3	Yes	100,000						100,000
NMC1240000	Totem Lake Public Improvements Phase II	No - development agreement	No	7,500,000						7,500,000
TRC0930000	NE 132nd St./Juanita H.S. Access Road Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes	400,000						400,000
TRC0940000	NE 132nd St./108th Avenue NE Intersection Improvements	Yes R5	Yes	500,000	720,000					1,220,000
TRC1160000	Annual Signal Maintenance Program	No - maintenance	No - maintenance	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	1,200,000	2,000,000
TRC1170000	Citywide Traffic Management Safety Improvements	No - safety	No - safety	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	600,000	1,000,000
TRC1170200	Vision Zero Safety Improvement	No - safety	No - safety	50,000	50,000	50,000	50,000	50,000	50,000	300,000	500,000
TRC1170300	Neighborhood Traffic Control	No - not capacity	No - safety		50,000		50,000		50,000	150,000	250,000
TRC1170500	School Zone Beacon and Signage Improvements	No - safety	No - safety	50,000						50,000
TRC1200000	Kirkland Intelligent Transportation System Phase 3	Yes R19, R20	Yes	400,000	450,000	450,000	450,000	450,000	450,000	2,650,000	4,500,000
TRC1240000^^	116th Avenue NE/NE 124th Street Intersection Improvements	No - safety	Yes	800,000	700,000					1,500,000
TRC1350000	100th Avenue NE/Simonds Road Intersection Improvements	Yes R10	Yes	800,000	389,000					1,189,000
TRC1360000	100th Avenue NE/145th Street Intersection Improvements	Yes R10	Yes	836,000	390,000					1,226,000
TRC1370000^^	Lake Street/Kirkland Avenue Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes	480,000	1,073,000					1,553,000
FUNDED TOTAL										95,292,100
STC0630000	120th Avenue NE Roadway Improvements (North)	Yes R18*	Yes								4,500,000
STC0720000	NE 120th St Roadway Improvements	Yes R25	Yes								15,780,600
STC0770000	NE 132nd St Rdwy Imprv - Phase I (West Section)	Yes R1	Yes								1,739,000
STC0780000	NE 132nd St Rdwy Imprv - Phase II (Mid Section)	Yes R2	Yes								408,000
STC0790000	NE 132nd St Rdwy Imprv - Phase III (East Section)	Yes R3	Yes								1,444,000
STC0810000	Totem Lake Area Development Opportunity Program	Yes*	Yes								500,000
STC0831500 #	100th Avenue NE Roadway Improvements (Mid-South Section)	Yes R10	Yes								5,530,000
STC0831600 #	100th Avenue NE Roadway Improvements (South Section)	Yes R10	Yes								3,619,000
STC0940000	Holmes Point Dr NE Road Embankment Stabilization Location 1	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								246,000
STC0950000	Holmes Point Dr NE Road Embankment Stabilization Location 2	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								412,000
STC0960000	Holmes Point Dr NE Road Embankment Stabilization Location 3	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								503,000
STC0970000	Holmes Point Dr NE Road Embankment Stabilization Location 4	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								551,000
STC0980000	Holmes Point Dr NE Road Embankment Stabilization Location 5	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								232,000
STC0990000	Champagne Pt Road NE Embankment Stabilization	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								563,000
STC1000000	62nd Ave NE Road Embankment Stabilization	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								823,000
STC1010000	114th Ave NE Road Reconstruction	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								1,900,000
STC1020000	90th Ave NE Road Surface Water Drainage Repair	No - maintenance	No - maintenance								420,000
PTC0020000	Public Transit Speed and Reliability Improvements	Yes T1	Yes								500,000
PTC0030000	Public Transit Passenger Environment Improvements	Yes T2	Yes								500,000
PTC0040000 ^	108th Avenue NE Transit Queue Jump - Phase 1	Yes T1	Yes								4,875,000
PTC0050000 ^	108th Avenue NE Transit Queue Jump - Phase 2	Yes T1	Yes								5,640,000
TRC0950000	NE 132nd St/Fire Stn Access Dr Intersection Improvements	Yes R6	Yes								480,000
TRC0960000	NE 132nd St/124th Ave NE Intersection Improvements	Yes R7	Yes								7,400,000
TRC0970000	NE 132nd St/132nd Ave NE Intersection Improvements	Yes R8	Yes								1,150,000
TRC1170400 ^	NE 68th Street Intersection Improvements/Access Management	Yes*	Yes								4,375,000
TRC1250000	Kirkland ITS Implementation Phase 4	Yes R19, R20	Yes								2,620,000
TRC1280000 ^	6th Street S/5th Place/CKC Transit Signal Priority	Yes R19, R20	Yes								2,600,000
TRC1290000 ^	NE 53rd Street Intersection Improvements	Yes R19, R20	Yes								845,000
TRC1300000 ^^	NE 145th Street/Juanita-Woodinville Way Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								2,100,000
TRC1310000 ^^	NE 80th Street/120th Avenue NE Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								1,700,000
TRC1320000 ^^	100th Avenue NE/132nd Street Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								1,647,000
TRC1330000 ^^	100th Avenue NE/Juanita-Woodinville Way Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								2,161,000
TRC1340000 ^^	100th Avenue NE/137th Street Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								1,475,000
TRC1380000 ^^	NE 100th Street/132nd Ave NE Intersection Improvements	Yes	Yes								1,743,000
NMC0129900	Crosswalk Upgrade Program	Yes NM5*	Yes								4,100,000
NMC0863000	CKC Roadway Crossings	Yes NM3	Yes								3,370,100
NMC0901100	Juanita Drive Bicycle and Pedestrian Improvements	Yes NM1	Yes								10,650,000
NMC1110000 ^	108th Avenue NE Bicycle Lane Upgrades	Yes NM1	Yes								4,345,000
NMC1139900	Citywide Greenway Network	Yes NM2	Yes								4,450,000
NMC1170000	On-Street Bicycle Network Phase I	Yes NM1	Yes								1,120,000
NMC8888100	On-Street Bicycle Network	Yes NM1	Yes								3,280,000
NMC9999100	Sidewalk Completion Program	Yes NM4*	Yes								6,096,800
FUTURE YEAR TOTAL											199,320,500
FUNDED TOTAL + UNFUNDED TOTAL = 20 YEAR TOTAL											294,512,600
NMC0241200	Cross Kirkland Corridor Opportunity Fund	No	No									500,000
NMC0310000	Crestwoods Park/CKC Corridor Ped/Bike Facility	No	No									2,505,000
NMC0800000	Juanita-Kingsgate Pedestrian Bridge at I-405	No	No									4,500,000
NMC1060000	Citywide CKC Connections	No	No									360,000
NMC1070000	CKC to Downtown Surface Connection	No	No									2,000,000
CANDIDATE TOTAL												9,865,000
# Proportioned over four new separate projects from one original single roadway improvement (1,066 trips)
*Depending on project scope; see Rate Study and Transportation Master Plan.
^ New for 2017-2022 CFP Update not previously counted; to be counted in future Rate Study
^^ New for 2019-2024 CFP Update not previously counted; to be counted in future Rate Study

Policy T-6.2: Place highest priority for funding on maintenance and operation of existing infrastructure rather than on construction of new facilities. Identify and perform maintenance to maximize the useful lifetime of the transportation network at optimum lifecycle cost.

Maintaining what we have before constructing new facilities is a foundation of sustainability. Therefore, when funding decisions are being made, an amount adequate to fund maintenance and operation should be identified before allocating funding to other needs.

In some areas of the transportation system, true maintenance costs and optimum investment levels need to be identified so that accurate information about deferred maintenance and life cycle cost is available for decision makers.

Policy T-6.3: Support modes that are energy efficient and that improve system performance.

Bicycling and walking may be the most efficient transportation modes available and consistent with other policies in this transportation element; those modes should be supported. Over the next 20 years, energy efficiency of other modes and transportation related elements will be improved; this may include improvements to auto and truck technology, transit alternatives or more energy efficient street lighting systems. Kirkland’s Transportation network should support these innovations. Intelligent Transportation Systems can help reduce auto delay and stops, thereby reducing energy use and improving system performance.

Policy T-6.4: Minimize the environmental impacts of transportation facilities, especially the contribution of transportation to air and water pollution. Comply with Federal and State air and water quality requirements. Reduce vehicle miles of travel.

Motorized transportation is the chief contributor to air and water pollution. This comes in many forms, from tailpipe emissions to the production of petroleum products used for paving to substances that drip from cars, trucks and buses and which eventually find their way to water sources.

Climate Change

Climate change refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth. Climate change has the potential to impact public and private property, infrastructure investments, water quality, and health. The consequences can be significant from warming temperatures: rising seas, decreasing snowpack, and increased flooding.

An overwhelming scientific consensus maintains that climate change is due primarily to the human use of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air and traps heat within the atmosphere.

Since almost 1/3 of Kirkland’s current greenhouse gas emissions are attributable to transportation, it’s clear that changes in transportation, using less fossil fuels and reducing vehicle miles of travel for example, will be needed to achieve the targets shown below.

Kirkland’s greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets are based on a 2007 baseline and reductions increase over time:

Emissions per passenger-mile for various vehicle types

Source: Sightline.com

When planning transportation facilities, both public and private, the environmental impacts of the facility need to be evaluated and minimized, and appropriate mitigation included. Environmental impacts of transportation facilities and services can include shoreline, wetland and stream encroachment, vegetation removal, air quality deterioration, noise pollution, and landform changes.

Kirkland has adopted goals for reducing greenhouse gases (see Comprehensive Plan Environment Element Goal E-5). Because of the role that vehicle emissions play in greenhouse gas production, reducing those emissions is a requirement if the goal is to be met. The Environment Chapter cites promotion of cleaner fuels, a reduction in vehicle miles of travel and more reliance on renewable energy as three key transportation related actions to meet the City’s Greenhouse Gas reduction targets.

Many actions that will reduce greenhouse gas production and will decrease vehicle miles of travel are included in other goals. Primary among these is making walking, biking and transit more viable for more trips.

Policy T-6.5: Safeguard the transportation system against disaster.

Because of the risk that natural and other disasters can pose to the transportation system, prevention and recovery should be actively planned for. This should be done in coordination with goals and policies in the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.

Policy T-6.6: Create an equitable system that provides mobility for all users.

Our transportation system has many potential barriers. A sustainable transportation system is open to users of all abilities. There may be cost barriers such as tolls or transit fares that prevent some citizens from using public transportation facilities. Language may be a barrier to some users and this should be considered in the design of written materials. Kirkland should be sensitive to the potential barriers and treat them as required by law or by the need to make the transportation system as open as possible to all users.

Policy T-6.7: Implement transportation programs and projects in ways that prevent or minimize impacts to low-income, minority and special needs populations.

As required by applicable state and federal regulations, Kirkland should continue to make sure that all citizens are involved in decision making about transportation projects and that impacts (such as health, environmental, social and economic impacts) do not fall disproportionally on vulnerable populations.

Policy T-6.8: Actively pursue grant funding and innovative funding sources.

Kirkland has a history of successfully pursuing a wide range of grant funding opportunities for transportation projects and this should continue. Grant funding is expected to make up more than a quarter of transportation funding over the next 20 years. Projects that are good candidates for particular grant funding sources should have a prominent place in the lists of potential projects. Sidewalk projects on School Walk Routes and Safe Routes to School grants are an example of this type of pairing.

Figure T-29: Minority Percent of Population and Percent of Population That Reported Income Below Poverty Level in Last Year (2007 – 2011)