Chapter 17.06
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING
Sections:
17.06.020 Off-street parking and loading spaces required.
17.06.040 Off-street parking standards.
17.06.045 Table of off-street parking standards.
17.06.050 Computation of required spaces.
17.06.060 Location of required spaces.
17.06.070 Schedule of minimum parking dimensions.
17.06.090 Required landscaping of parking areas.
17.06.110 Construction and maintenance.
17.06.130 Off-street loading space required.
17.06.140 Nonconforming parking.
17.06.010 Purpose.
The following parking standards are intended to assure adequate off-street parking, reduce on-street parking, increase traffic safety, maintain smooth traffic flow, and reduce the visual impact of parking lots. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.020 Off-street parking and loading spaces required.
No off-street parking or loading spaces shall be placed, constructed, located, relocated or modified after adoption of the ordinance codified in this title without first receiving a development permit from the building official. All off-street parking and loading spaces which are not themselves a principal use are accessory uses and shall be subject to the same procedures and review requirements as the principal use. All off-street parking shall be provided in conformance with the provisions of this chapter. (Ord. 1183 §2(part), 2008: Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.030 General provisions.
A. The off-street parking and loading facilities required by this section shall be established prior to any change in the use of land or structures and/or prior to the occupancy of any new or enlarged structure.
B. Required off-street parking spaces shall provide vehicle parking only for residents, customers, patrons, and employees and shall not be used for the storage of vehicles or materials, the parking of vehicles used in conducting the business, or for the sale, repair or servicing of any vehicle.
C. Any area designated for required off-street parking shall not be used for any other purpose unless and until equal facilities are provided elsewhere and a site plan has been approved to reflect the change, or the primary use of the property is changed to a use requiring less off-street parking.
D. The required front yard in the R-3 district shall not be used for off-street parking for five or more cars unless the three-foot strip nearest the front property line is landscaped and a two-foot-high concrete, masonry, or decorative block wall, or wood fence, or a solid landscaping screen is provided. (For corner lots, see Section 17.05.040, Vision clearance at intersections.) (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.040 Off-street parking standards.
A. Table of Required Off-Street Parking. The parking standards in Table 6-1, Table of Off-Street Parking Standards, are hereby established as the parking standards for the uses indicated. These parking requirements are based on gross floor area. Gross floor area means the total square footage of all floors in a structure as measured from the interior surface of each exterior wall of the structure, and including halls, lobbies, enclosed porches and fully enclosed recreation areas and balconies, but excluding stairways, elevator shafts, attic space, mechanical rooms, restrooms, uncovered steps and fire escapes, private garages, carports, and off-street parking and loading spaces. Storage areas are included in gross floor area. However, the required off-street parking for storage areas shall be calculated at the rate of one space per five hundred square feet rather than the specific parking standard established in Table 6-1, except when the parking standard for the principal use would require fewer spaces (i.e., one space per six hundred square feet). All required off-street parking shall be subject to the procedures of this title and the standards of this section.
B. Uses Not Specified. Off-street parking requirements for uses not specifically listed in Table 6-1 shall be determined by the reviewing official based upon the requirement for similar uses.
C. Downtown Business District Exempt. The downtown business district of Wapato, as shown in Figure 6-1 and hereby adopted as a part of this chapter, shall be exempt from the provisions of this chapter as they relate to the number of parking spaces required; provided, that all the other requirements of this chapter shall apply to any parking provided by the applicant.
Figure 6-1 (shaded area exempt)
(Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.045 Table of off-street parking standards.
|
LAND USE |
PARKING STANDARDS |
|---|---|
|
RETAIL TRADE SERVICES |
|
|
Addressing, Mailing and Stenographic Services |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross labor area |
|
Advertising Agencies |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross labor area |
|
Automobile and Truck, Manufactured Home, Travel Trailer Sales |
1 space/500 sq. ft. of gross labor area and 1 space/1,000 sq. ft. of retail sales floor area |
|
Automotive: |
|
|
Automobile maintenance and service shops |
2 spaces/service area including work bays |
|
Car wash |
1 space/wash bay |
|
Motor vehicle wrecker |
1 space/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Paint and body repair |
2 spaces/service area including work bays |
|
Specialized repair shops (battery, radiator, etc.) |
2 spaces/service area including work bays |
|
Beauty and Barber Shops |
1 space/75 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Building and Contractors |
1 space/800 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Drugstores |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Employment Agencies (Private) |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Farm Supplies |
1 space/800 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Financial Institutions |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Furniture, Home Furnishings, Appliances |
1 space/800 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Hardware Store |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area of structure and permanent outside display and sales area |
|
Heating and Plumbing Equipment Stores |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Heavy Equipment, Tractor, and Farm Equipment Repair |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Household Appliance, Small Engine, TV and Furniture Repair |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service Agencies |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Liquor Stores |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Lumber Yards |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area of structure and covered storage area |
|
Medical and Dental Laboratories, Offices, and Clinics |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Motels and Hotels |
1.5 spaces for each guest room |
|
Nursery |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area of structure and permanent outside display and sales area |
|
Paint, Glass and Wallpaper Stores |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Professional Office Buildings for Use by Architects, Attorneys, etc. |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Radio and TV Studios, Offices |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Real Estate Offices |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Residential Mini-Storage |
1 space for each storage space |
|
Restaurants, Cafes, and Drive-In Eating Facilities |
1 space/750 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Retail Service Establishments in Table 4-1 But Not Listed Above |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Retail Trade Establishments in Table 4-1 But Not Listed Above: |
|
|
Having Less Than 7,000 sq. ft. of Gross Floor Area |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Having More Than 7,000 sq. ft. of Gross Floor Area |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area up to 7,000 sq. ft. plus 1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of gross floor area in excess of 7,000 sq. ft. |
|
Service Stations |
2 spaces for working/service area, including bays |
|
Shoe Repair and Shoe Shops |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Taverns and Bars, Dine, Drink, and Dance Establishments |
1 space/75 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Waste Material, Processing and Junk Handling |
1 space/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
AGRICULTURE (COMMERCIAL) |
|
|
Agriculturally Related Industries: |
|
|
Packing Processing Plants |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Storage Facilities |
1 space/1,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION |
|
|
Game Rooms, Card Rooms, Electronic Game Rooms |
1 space for each playing table, or each 3 seats or each 3 machines, whichever is greater |
|
Horse Racing Tracks, Speedways, Grandstands |
1 space for each 3 fixed seats or 54 in. of bench seating |
|
Bowling Alleys |
5 spaces for each lane |
|
Gymnasiums, Exercise Facilities |
1 space/100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Roller Skating Rink |
1 space/250 sq. ft. of skating surface area |
|
Swimming Pools |
1 space/150 sq. ft. of water surface area |
|
Movie Theaters |
1 space for each 4 seats |
|
Auditoriums, Exhibition Halls |
1 space/100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
COMMUNITY SERVICES |
|
|
Churches, Synagogues, Temples and Funeral Homes |
1 space for each 3 fixed seats (or 54 in. of bench-type seating) plus 1 space for each 40 sq. ft. of general reception/gathering area |
|
Convalescent, Nursing and Group Homes |
1 space for each 2 beds |
|
Fire and Police Stations |
1 space/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Halfway House (Detention Center) |
1 space for each 2 beds |
|
Hospital |
1.5 spaces for each bed |
|
Schools: |
|
|
Primary, Elementary |
3 spaces for each classroom, or 1 space for each 3 seats (54 in. bench-type seating) in the assembly area, whichever is greater |
|
Junior, Senior High |
Same as Primary/Elementary and 1 space for each 4 students over 16 years old |
|
Junior or Community Colleges |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Juvenile Detention Centers |
1.5 spaces for each bed |
|
Libraries |
1 space/100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Museums, Art Galleries |
1 space/100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Preschools, Day Care Centers |
1 space for each employee plus 1 space/250 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Vocational Schools |
1 space/400 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
MANUFACTURING MASS PRODUCTION |
|
|
All Uses Listed Under Manufacturing in Table 4-1 |
1 space for each employee per maximum shift |
|
RESIDENTIAL |
|
|
Single-Family Dwellings |
2 spaces |
|
Two-Family Dwellings |
4 spaces |
|
Multifamily Dwellings: |
|
|
3 units |
5 spaces |
|
4 units |
7 spaces |
|
5 units |
8 spaces |
|
6 units or more |
1.5 spaces for each dwelling unit |
|
Retirement Homes |
1 space for each dwelling unit |
|
TRANSPORTATION |
|
|
Bus Terminals, Storage and Maintenance Facilities |
1 space/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Air, Rail, and Truck Terminals |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Taxicab Terminals, Maintenance and Dispatching Centers |
1 space/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
UTILITIES |
|
|
Utility Services |
1 space/800 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
WHOLESALE TRADE |
|
|
Wholesale Trade/Warehouse |
1 space/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
|
Residential Mini-Storage |
See Residential Mini-Storage under Retail Trade Services |
How to Use Table 6-1:
1. Calculate the gross floor area for the structure. (See Section 17.06.040(A) to determine gross floor area.)
2. Determine the amount of gross floor area used for storage rooms.
3. Required off-street parking for storage rooms is one space per five hundred square feet.
4. Find the proposed use in Table 6-1 to determine the off-street parking requirement for the rest of the structure.
Example:
- The gross floor area of the structure is three thousand square feet.
- One thousand square feet of the structure is used for storage. The parking standard for storage rooms is one space per five hundred square feet. 1,000/500 = 2 off-street parking spaces for the storage area.
- The proposed use is a shoe shop. According to Table 6-1, shoe shops require one off-street parking space for each three hundred square feet of gross floor area. 2,000/300 = 6.6 or seven spaces since fractions of parking spaces are rounded up (Section 17.06.050(A)).
- The total required off-street parking for this use is: 2 spaces (for storage areas) + 7 spaces (for the rest of the gross floor area) = 9 spaces.
(Ord. 1162 §3, 2007; Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.050 Computation of required spaces.
The following rules shall apply in the determination of the number of required off-street parking spaces:
A. Fraction. If the number of off-street parking spaces required in Table 6-1 contains a fraction, such number shall be changed to the next higher whole number.
B. Mixed Uses. When different uses occupy a single structure or lot, the total required parking spaces shall be the sum of the requirements of the individual uses.
C. Shared Uses. Owners of two or more uses, structures, or parcels of land within three hundred feet of each other may share the same parking or loading area when the hours of operation do not overlap. The owners of two or more uses, structures, or parcels within three hundred feet of each other may also share facilities concurrently; however, the total parking requirements shall be the sum of the requirements for each individual use. Whenever shared parking is allowed under this section, the parking lot shall be signed so as to reasonably notify the public of the availability of use, and spaces shall not be assigned, allocated or reserved between uses.
A parking agreement approved by the administrative official shall be filed with the county auditor whenever two or more uses propose to share off-street parking facilities.
D. Tandem Parking. Parking spaces in tandem, having a single means of ingress and egress shall not be counted as two off-street parking spaces for the purpose of fulfilling the requirements of this chapter; except that each tandem space for single-family dwellings shall be counted as a required parking space. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.060 Location of required spaces.
Off-street parking facilities shall be located according to the following:
A. For single- and two-family dwellings, parking facilities shall be located on the same lot or building site as the buildings they are required to serve.
B. For hospitals, convalescent, nursing or rest homes, parking facilities shall be located not more than one hundred fifty feet from the buildings they are required to serve.
C. For uses other than those specified above, parking facilities shall not be located over three hundred feet from the buildings they are required to serve.
D. Groups of five or more parking spaces shall be served by a driveway so that no vehicular backing or maneuvering movement will occur within a public right-of-way other than an alley.
E. No parking lot or driveway serving a nonresidential use in a commercial or industrial district shall be located in a residential zoning district. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.070 Schedule of minimum parking dimensions.
Driveways and parking stalls shall conform to Table 6-2, which is hereby adopted as the schedule of minimum parking dimensions.
|
angle of parking |
stall width |
curb length per car |
stall depth |
min. driveway width (1) |
lot width 1 row + 1 driveway per car |
square feet |
lot width 2 rows + 2 driveways per car |
square feet |
lot width 3 rows + 2 driveways per car |
square feet |
lot width 3 rows + 2 driveways per car |
square feet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
along curb 0 degrees |
8’ |
23’ |
8’ |
12’ |
20’ |
460 |
28’ |
322 |
48’ |
368 |
56’ |
322 |
|
30 degrees |
9’ |
18’ |
17’3” |
11’ |
28’4” |
510 |
45’6” |
411 |
66’2” |
397 |
83’6” |
376 |
|
45 degrees |
9’ |
12’7” |
19’8” |
13’ |
32’10” |
420 |
52’5” |
336 |
79’ |
376 |
98’10” |
315 |
|
60 degrees |
9’ |
10’4” |
21’ |
18’ |
39’ |
407 |
60’ |
313 |
95’ |
330 |
116’ |
305 |
|
90 degrees |
9’ |
9’ |
19’ |
24’ |
43’ |
387 |
62’ |
279 |
105’ |
315 |
124’ |
279 |
Note:
1. Ninety-degree parking permits two-way driveway travel. If the angle is less than ninety degrees, driveway travel shall be one-way.
(Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.080 Site plan required.
A site plan for every new or enlarged off-street parking lot or motor vehicle sales area shall be approved by the reviewing official prior to construction. The site plan shall comply with the provisions for general or detailed site plans in Chapter 17.11 and shall also show the proposed development, locations, size, shape and design of the parking spaces, curb cuts, lighting, landscaping, irrigation and other features of the proposed parking lot. The site plan shall be filed under the provisions of Chapter 17.11. (Ord. 1183 §2(part), 2008: Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.090 Required landscaping of parking areas.
A. The standard for landscaping of parking lots with five or more spaces shall be five percent of the total parking area.
B. The planted area standard shall be twenty-four square feet in area with the exception of raised planter boxes around buildings.
C. A standard of one tree from an approved list shall be planted for every fifteen single-row parking stalls or every thirty double-row parking stalls within the parking lot.
D. Landscaping shall consist of combinations of trees, shrubs, and ground cover with careful consideration to eventual size and spread, susceptibility to disease and pests, durability, and adaptability to existing soil and climatic conditions.
E. Every parking area that abuts property in any residential district shall be separated from such property by a solid wall, view-obscuring fence, or compact evergreen hedge at least six feet in height. The screening shall be provided and maintained along the property line of such lot except in the required front yard. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.100 Lighting.
Lighting shall be provided to illuminate any off-street parking or loading spaces used at night. When provided, lighting shall be directed to reflect away from adjacent properties. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.110 Construction and maintenance.
All off-street parking, including motor vehicle sale lots having a capacity of three or more vehicles, shall be constructed in the following manner:
A. Surfacing. Paved with two-inch-thick asphaltic surfacing on an aggregate base, or an equivalent surfacing acceptable to the reviewing official, so as to eliminate dust or mud.
B. Grading and Drainage. Graded and drained so all surface water is disposed of on site. Grading and drainage facilities shall be designed according to accepted engineering standards.
C. Border Barricades. Any parking or motor vehicle sales areas abutting the street property line shall provide a concrete curb or timber barrier at least six inches in height and located at least two feet from the street property line. The curb or barrier shall be securely anchored. No curb or barrier shall be required across any driveway or entrance to the parking area, or if the parking lot is separated from the street by a fence or a hedge.
D. Markings. All parking spaces (except motor vehicle sales areas) shall be marked by durable painted lines at least four inches wide and extending the length of the stall or by curbs or other means approved by the reviewing official to indicate individual parking stalls. Signs or markers located on the parking lot surface shall be used as necessary to ensure safe and efficient use of the parking lot.
The owner or lessee of a required parking area shall maintain the paved surface, drainage facilities, landscaping, and irrigation facilities in conformance with the standards of this chapter and the approved site plan. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.120 Time of completion.
All parking required by this title shall be installed prior to occupancy or commencement of use. Where compliance with this requirement is not possible, the reviewing official may grant an appropriate delay under the provisions of Section 17.12.070(D). (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.130 Off-street loading space required.
Off-street loading and unloading spaces shall be required for any use requiring frequent loading or unloading from trucks or other large vehicles.
A. Loading Space Size. The required loading space shall be of adequate size to accommodate the maximum number and size of vehicles simultaneously loading or unloading at the structure. Each off-street loading space shall have the minimum dimensions of twelve feet in width and twenty-five feet in length. On-site maneuvering space not less than twenty-five feet in length shall be provided adjacent to the loading dock. This maneuvering space shall not include any area designated for off-street parking.
B. Loading Space Location. Required off-street loading and related maneuvering space shall be located on or abutting the property served. No part of any vehicle using the loading space shall project into the right-of-way of any public or private road. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.140 Nonconforming parking.
Any use which, on the effective date of the ordinance codified in this section or any amendments hereto, is nonconforming in terms of required off-street parking facilities may continue in the same manner as if it were conforming. However, the number of existing off-street parking spaces shall not be reduced.
When an existing structure with nonconforming parking is expanded, or a nonconforming use is changed to another nonconforming use and additional parking is required, the additional parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. However, the number of additional spaces shall be computed only to the extent of the enlargement, regardless of whether or not the number of previously existing spaces satisfies the requirements of this chapter.
When the use of an existing lot or structure with nonconforming parking is changed to another use listed in Table 4-1 the nonconformity shall cease and the new use shall provide all the required off-street parking in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. (Ord. 956(part), 1993)
17.06.150 Disabled parking.
Disabled parking shall be provided in accordance with state and federal laws. (Ord. 1183 §2(part), 2008: Ord. 956(part), 1993)