Chapter 21.51 CRITICAL AREAS

(1) Introduction. The purpose of this chapter is to designate and classify ecologically critical areas, to protect these areas and their functions and values, and to supplement the development regulations contained within the Woodinville Municipal Code through best available science and additional controls as required by the Growth Management Act. Additionally, this chapter is intended to encourage development that meets the goals and policies of the City of Woodinville Comprehensive Plan. These goals include:

(a) Goal E-1: To preserve and enhance aquatic and wildlife habitat.

(b) Goal E-2: To protect the public from natural hazards resulting from disturbance of the environment.

(d) Goal E-4: To promote the preservation of Woodinville’s Northwest woodland character.

(e) Goal E-5: To protect air quality, and proactively address climate change adaptation and mitigation.

(f) Goal E-6: To promote environmental sustainability and conservation in Woodinville and the Puget Sound region.

(2) Scope. Critical areas include critical aquifer recharge areas, geologically sensitive areas, wetlands, frequently flooded areas, and fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas. The City of Woodinville recognizes that critical areas provide a variety of valuable and beneficial biological and environmental functions that benefit the City and its residents, but that some critical areas may pose a threat to public safety and property. The standards established in this chapter are intended to protect critical areas while providing property owners with reasonable use of their property. This chapter seeks to:

(a) Protect members of the public and public resources and facilities from injury, loss of life, property damage or financial loss due to flooding, erosion, landslides, seismic events, soil subsidence or steep slope failures;

(b) Maintain and protect healthy, functioning ecosystems through the protection of unique, fragile, and valuable elements of the environment, including ground and surface waters, wetlands, and fish and wildlife and their habitats, and conservation of the biodiversity of plant and animal species;

(c) Direct activities not dependent on critical areas resources to less ecologically sensitive areas and mitigate unavoidable impacts to critical areas by regulating alterations in and adjacent to critical areas;

(d) Prevent cumulative adverse environmental impact to water quality and availability, net loss of wetlands, streams, lakes, frequently flooded areas, and fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas;

(e) Meet the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program and maintain the City of Woodinville as an eligible community for Federal flood insurance benefits;

(f) Alert members of the public including, but not limited to, appraisers, owners, potential buyers, or lessees, to the development limitations of critical areas;

(g) Provide for public enjoyment of critical areas by encouraging, when feasible and sensible, multiple use of critical area buffers; and

(h) Serve as a basis for exercise of the City’s substantive authority under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) and the City’s SEPA rules. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.020 Applicability.

(1) Compliance with This Chapter. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all land uses and activities in the City limits, and all persons within the City limits shall comply with the requirements of this chapter. No permit or authorization shall be approved or issued to alter the condition of any land, water, or vegetation, or to construct or alter any structure or improvement without first assuring compliance with the requirements of this chapter.

(2) Alterations. Any human activity that results or is likely to result in an impact upon the existing condition of a critical area or its buffer is an alteration that is subject to specific limitations as specified by this chapter. Alterations include, but are not limited to, grading, filling, channelizing, dredging, clearing (vegetation), construction, compaction, excavation, or any other activity that changes the character of the critical area. Alterations do not include walking, fishing, any other passive recreation, or other similar activities.

(3) Conflict of Provisions. When another provision of the Woodinville Municipal Code conflicts with this chapter or when the provisions of this chapter are in conflict, that provision which provides greater environmental protection to critical areas shall apply, unless specifically provided otherwise in this chapter or such provision conflicts with Federal or State laws or regulations.

(4) Forest Practices. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all forest practices over which the City has jurisdiction pursuant to Chapter 76.09 RCW and WAC Title 222. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.030 Critical area maps and inventories.

(1) Critical Areas Maps. The approximate location and extent of critical areas are shown on the City’s adopted critical areas maps. The latest critical areas maps are available from the Development Services Department. The maps do not provide a final critical area determination. Adopted critical areas maps shall include, but are not limited to, the current adopted version of the following:

(a) Federal Emergency Management Administration flood insurance rate maps;

(b) U.S. Geological Survey landslide hazard, seismic hazard, and volcano hazard maps;

(d) Washington Department of Natural Resources slope stability map;

(e) National Wetlands Inventory;

(f) Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Priority Habitat and Species maps;

(g) Other critical area maps adopted by the City of Woodinville, including the Critical Aquifers Recharge Areas map and Geologically Sensitive Areas map.

(2) Reference Only. Maps showing critical areas are to be used for guidance purposes only and may be continuously updated as new critical areas are identified. If there is a conflict among the maps, inventory and site-specific features, the actual presence or absence of the features defined as critical areas in this chapter shall govern. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.040 Complete exemptions.

(1) The following activities are exempt from the provisions of this chapter, provided they are otherwise consistent with other local, State, and Federal law requirements:

(a) Emergency actions necessary to prevent an immediate threat to public health, safety and welfare or that pose an imminent risk of damage to public or private property. Alterations undertaken pursuant to this subsection shall be reported to the City immediately. The impacted critical areas and their buffers shall be fully restored in accordance with a critical areas report and mitigation plan;

(b) Agricultural activities in existence before March 31, 1993, as follows:

(i) Mowing of hay, grass, or grain crops;

(ii) Tilling, dicing, planting, seeding, harvesting and related activities for pasture, food crops, grass seed, or sod if such activities do not take place on steep slopes;

(iii) Normal and routine maintenance of existing irrigation and drainage ditches not used by fish species and not draining directly into salmon-bearing water bodies; and

(iv) Normal and routine maintenance of farm ponds, fish ponds, manure lagoons and livestock watering ponds;

(c) Modifications to local collection and distribution utility lines, mains, equipment, appurtenances, including electric facilities with an associated voltage of 55,000 volts or less, not including substations; public sewer local collection; public water local distribution; natural gas; cable communications; or telephone facilities. Modifications to local collection and distribution utilities may be allowed in critical areas or their buffers, as follows:

(i) Normal and routine maintenance or repair of existing utility structures; and

(ii) Replacement, operation, repair, modification, installation, relocation, or construction when such facilities are located within an improved public road right-of-way or City-authorized private roadway;

(d) Maintenance, operation, repair or replacement of publicly improved roadways or recreation areas, provided any such alteration does not involve the expansion of structures or related improvements into previously unimproved areas;

(e) Removal of nonnative invasive species, limited to hand removal of nonnative invasive species, unless permits from affected regulatory agencies have been obtained for approved biological or chemical treatments;

(f) Passive recreation, educational and scientific research that does not degrade critical areas or buffers, such as fishing, hiking and bird watching, not including trail building or clearing. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.050 Nonconforming development.

(1) Nonconforming Developments. Alterations to legally established developments not conforming to critical areas, buffers, or setbacks pursuant to this chapter, including those approved under a reasonable use exception or variance may be permitted; provided, that the provisions of this chapter are met. Alterations shall include expansion, repair, modification, or replacement, but shall not include work where the alteration constitutes a substantial improvement under WMC 21.11A.200.

(a) Single-family detached residences may be altered, provided all of the following are met:

(i) Expansion within a critical area buffer or building setback is limited to 1,000 square feet beyond the existing footprint;

(ii) No portion of the modification, addition, or replacement is located closer to or extends farther into the critical area or its buffer;

(iii) The proposal includes on-site mitigation to offset any impacts to critical areas consistent with the provisions of this chapter;

(iv) The proposal preserves the functions and values of wetlands, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, and their buffers; and

(v) The proposal will not significantly affect any landslide hazards on neighboring properties, stream bank stability, drainage capabilities, or flood potential.

(b) All other structures, except single-family detached residences, may be altered, provided all of the following are met:

(i) Expansion does not increase the existing footprint of the structure lying within a critical area buffer or building setback area;

(ii) No portion of the modification, addition, or replacement is located closer to or extends farther into the critical area or its buffer;

(iii) The proposal includes on-site mitigation to offset any impacts to critical areas consistent with the provisions of this chapter; and

(iv) The proposal will not significantly affect any landslide hazards on neighboring properties, fish and wildlife habitat, stream bank stability, drainage capabilities, and flood potential.

(c) Structures located within geologically sensitive areas that do not meet the development or design standards in WMC 21.51.260(1) and (3) and 21.51.270(1) may be maintained or repaired, provided all of the following are met:

(i) The maintenance or repair does not increase the footprint of the structure; and

(ii) The proposal does not increase risk to life or property as a result of the proposed maintenance or repair. (Ord. 737 § 20, 2022; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.060 Relief from critical area regulations.

(1) If application of this chapter would deny all reasonable use of the subject property, the owner may apply for a reasonable use permit pursuant to WMC 21.84.030.

(2) If application of this chapter would prohibit a development proposal by a public agency or public utility, the public agency or public utility may apply for a public entity critical area exception pursuant to WMC 21.84.030. (Ord. 706 § 42, 2020)

21.51.070 Reasonable use permits.

Repealed by Ord. 706. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.080 Subdivisions and density calculations within critical areas.

(1) Intent. The intent of this section is to provide for the preservation of critical areas and their buffers, flexibility in design, and consistent treatment of different types of development proposals.

(2) Subdivisions in Critical Areas. The subdivision and short subdivision of land including landslide and erosion hazard areas, frequently flooded areas, wetlands, streams, and fish or wildlife habitat conservation areas shall be subject to the following:

(a) Land that is located wholly within a critical area or its buffer may not be divided.

(b) Land that is located partially within a critical area or its buffer may be divided; provided, that the developable portion of each new lot and its access is located outside of the critical area or its buffer. Each resulting lot shall meet the minimum lot size and have sufficient buildable area outside of, and will not affect, the critical area or its buffer; and

(c) Access roads and utilities serving the proposed subdivision or short subdivision may only be permitted within the critical area and its buffers if the City determines that no other feasible alternative exists and when consistent with this chapter.

(3) On-Site Density Credits. For single-family residential subdivisions and short subdivisions on sites with critical areas or buffers, on-site density credits may be transferred from the critical area to a developable site area. In some cases, the maximum density credits may not be attainable due to other site constraints including, but not limited to, acreage constraints of the developable site area.

(a) For sites where up to 50 percent of the site is constrained by critical areas, up to 100 percent of the density that could be achieved on the constrained area portion of the site can be transferred to the developable portion of the property.

(b) For sites that are over 50 percent constrained by critical areas, up to 50 percent of the density that could be achieved on the constrained area portion of the site can be transferred to the developable portion of the property.

(4) Density Transfer. On-site density transfer is subject to the following:

(a) The density credit can only be transferred within the development proposal site. The on-site density transfer provided for in this section shall not be applied to allow density from a constrained site to be transferred to an unconstrained parcel, lot, or site when combined with a constrained site by subdivision, binding site plan, boundary line adjustment, or other means of land assemblage or arrangement for development.

(b) No additional density is allowed over the base density of the underlying zone.

(c) The minimum lot size and other dimensional requirements of the underlying zoning classification may be reduced to accommodate the transfers in densities per the following table:

Table 21.51.080(4)(c) – Reduced Dimensional Standards
Zone	Minimum Lot Size	Maximum Building Coverage	Minimum Landscape Coverage	Lot Width at Street
R-1	31,000 sf	15%	75%	100 ft/ 75 ft on cul-de-sac
R-4	7,200 sf	35%	50%	60 ft
R-6	5,000 sf	50%	25%	50 ft
R-8	4,600 sf	55%	20%	30 ft

(d) All other applicable dimensional requirements pursuant to Chapters 21.31 and 21.32 WMC shall be met.

(e) The area to which the density is transferred shall not be constrained by another critical area regulation.

(f) No portion of the critical area shall be included as part of the minimum lot size.

(g) The lot sizes shall not be averaged pursuant to WMC 21.92.110.

(h) No panhandle lots are permitted.

(5) Except for legally established nonconforming lots and tracts meeting the definition in WMC 21.11A.210, in no event shall a lot be less in size than specified by subsection (4) of this section. (Ord. 737 § 21, 2022; Ord. 634 § 44, 2016; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.090 Disclosure and notice on title.

(1) Disclosure. The applicant shall disclose to the City the presence of critical areas on the project area and any mapped or identifiable critical areas within 200 feet of the subject property.

(2) Notice. The owner of any property containing critical areas or buffers on which a development proposal is submitted, except a public right-of-way or the site of a permanent public facility, shall file for record with the King County Auditor a notice approved in form by the City. The notice shall state the presence of critical areas or buffers on the property, of the application of this chapter to the property, and that limitations on actions in or affecting such critical areas or buffers may exist. The notice shall run with the land and failure to provide such notice to any purchaser prior to transferring interest in the property shall be a violation of this chapter.

(3) Submittal of Proof. The applicant shall submit proof to the City that the notice has been filed prior to approval of a development proposal for the property or, in the case of subdivisions, short subdivisions, and binding site plans, at or before recording.

(4) Indemnity and Hold Harmless for Work in Landslide and Erosion Hazard Areas. Where development is proposed within landslide and erosion hazard areas, the applicant shall provide assurance, which at the City’s discretion, shall include one or more of the following:

(a) Liability insurance, including coverage for earth movement for the proposed development, naming the City as an additional insured under that liability insurance with respect to liability arising out of applicant’s activities; or

(b) An agreement indemnifying and holding harmless the City, which shall be recorded as covenant and noted on the face of the deed or plat. The agreement shall provide for liability insurance through a contractual liability endorsement to the applicant’s policy, to the extent reasonably available on the commercial market. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.100 Critical area determination.

(1) Determination. The City shall perform a critical area determination for any development permit application or other request for permission to proceed with an alteration on a site that includes a critical area or is within an identified critical area buffer. As part of the critical area determination, the City shall:

(a) Determine whether any critical area exists on the property and confirm its nature and type;

(b) Determine whether a critical areas report is required;

(d) Determine whether the development proposal is consistent with this chapter;

(e) Determine whether any proposed alteration to the critical area is necessary; and

(f) Determine if the mitigation and monitoring plans and bonding measures proposed by the applicant are sufficient to protect the public health, safety, and welfare, consistent with the goals, purposes, objectives, and requirements of this chapter.

(2) Appeals. The critical areas determination may be appealed pursuant to this chapter. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.110 Critical areas report requirement.

(1) General. An application for a development proposal that includes a critical area or its buffer shall include a critical areas report that uses the best available science to evaluate the proposal and all probable impacts.

(2) Waiver. The Director may waive the requirement for a report or specific contents of the report if the applicant demonstrates that:

(a) There will be no alteration of the critical area or its buffer;

(b) The development proposal will not have an impact on the critical area or its buffer in a manner contrary to the goals, purposes, objectives and requirements of this chapter; and

(3) Report Format. The critical areas report shall be in the form of a written document. A critical areas report may be combined with any studies required by other laws and regulations. If necessary to ensure compliance with this chapter, additional information from the applicant may be required, separate from the critical areas report.

(4) Area Limits. If the development proposal will affect only a part of the development proposal site, the Director may limit the scope of the required special report to include only that part of the site that may be affected by the development.

(5) Report Contents. A critical areas report shall evaluate the proposed project area and critical areas within 200 feet of the project area or that have the potential to be affected by this proposal. A critical areas report shall include the following information:

(a) Existing conditions of the critical area, including an assessment of habitat and ecological functions and values;

(b) Assessment of the impacts of any alteration proposed for a critical area or buffer;

(c) A scale map of the project area. If only a portion of the development site has been mapped, the unmapped portion shall be clearly identified and labeled on the site plans. The site plans shall be attached to the notice on title required by WMC 21.51.090;

(d) Project narrative describing the proposal; anticipated temporary and permanent impacts to critical areas or their buffers; construction activities and sequencing; restoration, enhancement, or mitigation measures; and other relevant information; and

(e) Additional report requirements for each type of critical area or its buffer affected by the development proposal pursuant to WMC 21.51.230, 21.51.260, 21.51.270, 21.51.330, 21.51.380, and 21.51.430.

(6) Site and construction plans showing the following:

(a) Site diagrams, cross-sectional drawings;

(b) Slope gradients, and existing and final grade elevations at two-foot intervals;

(c) Type and extent of all critical areas and buffers on, adjacent to, or within 200 feet of, or that are likely to impact, the proposal;

(d) Location of springs, seeps, surface water runoff features, or other surface expressions of ground water on or within 200 feet of the project area;

(e) Proposed development, including the location of existing and proposed structures, fill, storage of materials, drainage facilities, and clearing limits with dimensions indicating distances to the critical area, if available; and

(f) Other drawings to demonstrate construction techniques and anticipated final outcomes.

(7) Mitigation. A description of proposed mitigation actions and mitigation site selection criteria. Mitigation shall be designed to achieve no net loss of ecological function consistent with WMC 21.51.120 and mitigation requirements for each type of affected critical area.

(8) Multiple Critical Areas Affected. Critical areas reports for two or more types of critical areas must meet the report requirements for each type of affected critical area.

(9) Previously Adopted Reports. A permit or approval sought as part of a development proposal for which multiple permits are required may adopt a previously approved critical areas report if:

(a) There is no material change in the development proposal since the prior review;

(b) There is no new information available that would change the evaluation of the critical area review of the site or particular critical area;

(c) The permit or approval under which the prior review was conducted has not expired, or if no expiration date exists, no more than five years have lapsed since the issuance of that permit or approval; and

(d) The prior permit or approval, including any conditions, has been met. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.120 Mitigation requirements.

(1) General. Mitigation, maintenance, and monitoring measures shall be in place to protect critical areas and buffers from alterations resulting from proposed development.

(2) Mitigation Measures. Mitigation shall be in kind and on site where feasible, and shall be designed to maintain and enhance ecological functions and values, and to prevent risk from hazards posed by the critical area. Mitigation measures shall evaluate goals and objectives of proposed mitigation relating to impact to functions and values. Review of best available science supporting the proposed mitigation is required.

(3) Mitigation Sequencing. When an alteration to a critical area is proposed, such alteration shall be avoided, minimized, or compensated for, as outlined by WAC 197-11-768, in the following order of preference:

(a) Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of actions;

(b) Minimizing impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation by using appropriate technology, or by taking affirmative steps to avoid or reduce impacts;

(d) Reducing or eliminating the impact over time by preservation and maintenance operations during the life of the action;

(e) Compensating for the impact by replacing or providing substitute resources or environments; and/or

(f) Monitoring the impacts and taking appropriate corrective measures. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.130 Maintenance, monitoring, and contingency.

(1) Maintenance and Monitoring. A maintenance and monitoring program shall be included as part of a mitigation plan. The program shall include the following, unless an alternative program is recommended under the guidance of a biologist and is approved by the City:

(a) Performance standards for mitigation or restoration sites, including:

(i) One hundred percent survival of installed vegetation and less than 10 percent of the mitigation area covered in invasive species within the first two years of planting;

(ii) At least 50 percent vegetation coverage for installed vegetation after three years or more;

(iii) Less than 20 percent of the mitigation area covered in reed canary grass, Himalayan blackberry, or other invasive species after three years or more;

(iv) No infestation of knotweed at any time during the duration of the program period;

(b) Contingency plan identifying a course of action and corrective measures to be taken if monitoring or evaluation indicates that the performance measures have not been met;

(d) Monitoring period necessary to ensure that the performance standards have been met, not to be less than 10 years for forested or shrub wetland mitigation and no less than five years for all other mitigation projects; and

(e) Information on maintenance bonds or financial guarantees to ensure that the mitigation plan is implemented.

(2) Performance Guarantee. A performance bond or other security equal to or greater than 150 percent of the actual cost of mitigation shall be posted in a form acceptable to the City prior to issuance of construction permits. Actual costs shall include all labor and materials associated with the mitigation activity. The security shall be sufficient to guarantee that all required mitigation measures will be completed in a timely manner in accordance with this chapter.

(3) Maintenance Guarantee. A maintenance/monitoring bond or other security equal to or greater than 20 percent of the cost of mitigation shall be posted in a form acceptable to the City prior to final inspection, occupancy, or release of the performance bond, whichever comes first. The security shall be sufficient to guarantee satisfactory workmanship on, materials in and performance of or related to structures and improvements allowed or required by this chapter for a period of up to five years. The duration of maintenance/monitoring obligations shall be established by the Director, based upon the nature of the proposed mitigation, maintenance or monitoring, and the likelihood and expense of correcting mitigation or maintenance failures.

(4) Corrective Measures. Where monitoring reveals a significant deviation from predicted impacts or a failure of mitigation or maintenance measures, the applicant shall be responsible for appropriate corrective action which, when approved, shall be subject to further monitoring.

(5) Restoration. Performance and maintenance/monitoring bonds or other security shall also be required for restoration of a critical area or buffer not performed as part of a mitigation or maintenance plan, except that no security shall be required for minor stream restoration carried out pursuant to this chapter. The bond or other security shall be in a form and amount deemed acceptable by the Director.

(6) Time Limit. Performance and maintenance/monitoring bonds or other security authorized by this section shall remain in effect until the City determines, in writing, that the standards bonded for have been met.

(7) Obligation. Depletion, failure, or collection of security funds shall not discharge the obligation of an applicant or violator to complete required mitigation, maintenance, monitoring, or restoration. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.140 Critical area markers and signs.

(1) Survey Stakes. Permanent survey stakes delineating the boundary between the adjoining property and native growth protection area (NGPA) shall be set, using iron or concrete markers as established by current survey standards.

(2) When Required. Signage and fencing shall be required for all wetlands and fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, unless otherwise specified in this chapter. The City shall determine if fencing and permanent signage is necessary to protect other types of critical areas. Signage and fencing shall be located along the outer boundary of a critical area buffer in order to protect the critical area.

(3) Permanent Signs. Signs shall be made of an enamel-coated metal face and attached to a metal post or other material of equal durability. Signs must be posted at an interval of 50 feet and must be maintained by the property owner in perpetuity. The sign shall follow the City’s adopted signage standard, be worded as follows or with alternative language as approved by the City:

Protected Critical Area

Do Not Disturb

Help protect and care for this area

Contact City of Woodinville 489-2754

(4) Fencing. Required fencing shall be constructed of permanent and durable materials. Fencing shall be designed so as to not interfere with species migration and shall be constructed in a manner that minimizes impacts to the critical areas and associated habitat. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.150 Native growth protection areas and designations on site plans.

(1) Tracts. A native growth protection area (NGPA) in the form of a tract shall be used to delineate and protect those critical areas and buffers listed below for development proposals including new construction, subdivisions, short subdivisions, and binding site plans. NGPA tracts shall be depicted or designated on all title documents and recorded for all affected lots.

(a) All geologically sensitive areas and buffers which are one acre or greater in size;

(b) All fish and wildlife conservation areas;

(2) Tract Interest. Any required NGPA tract shall be held in an undivided interest by each owner of a building lot within the development. This ownership interest shall pass with the ownership of the lot or shall be held by an incorporated homeowners’ association or other legal entity, which assures the ownership, maintenance, and protection of the tract.

(3) Site Plans. Site plans submitted as part of development proposals for construction permits shall include and delineate all critical areas, buffers, building setbacks, and native growth protection areas. If only a part of the development site has been mapped pursuant to WMC 21.51.030, the part of the site that has not been mapped shall be clearly identified and labeled on the site plans. The site plans shall be attached to the notice on title required by WMC 21.51.090.

(4) Easements. If a NGPA tract is not required in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, a NGPA in the form of an easement may be required over delineated critical areas to protect them in perpetuity.

(5) Recording. NGPAs shall be depicted or designated on the face of the plat or recorded drawing and on all title documents of record and shall be designated on the face of the plat or recorded drawing.

(6) Markers and Signage. Native growth protection areas shall be marked with critical area signage and/or fencing to protect wildlife corridors and to discourage human intrusion into the critical area pursuant to WMC 21.51.140.

(7) Mitigation and Restoration. Native growth protection areas may be enhanced as part of a mitigation or restoration project. The NGPA shall be designated as protected habitat for fish and wildlife and shall be left in its natural state (with the exception of mitigation to enhance habitat). Any downed trees shall remain in the NGPA to provide habitat for wildlife. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.200 Critical aquifer recharge areas – Designation.

(1) Definition. Critical aquifer recharge areas (CARAs) are those areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water as described in WAC 365-190-100. Due to soil infiltration conditions of these CARAs, they contribute significantly to the replenishment of ground water, and often have a high potential for contamination of ground water resources.

(2) Designation. Identification of CARAs shall be based on the City’s adopted critical aquifer recharge areas map pursuant to WMC 21.51.030. The critical aquifer recharge areas within the City limits have a medium to high susceptibility to ground water contamination and are not located in a sole source aquifer or wellhead protection area.

(3) Declassification. An applicant can request that the City declassify a specific area included in the map adopted under WMC 21.51.030. The request must be supported by a critical areas report that includes a hydrogeologic assessment. The request to declassify an area shall be reviewed by the Director following the procedure in WMC 21.51.100. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.210 Critical aquifer recharge areas – Development standards.

(1) Prohibited Activities. The following new uses and activities are not allowed in a critical aquifer recharge area:

(a) Mining of any type below the water table;

(b) Processing, storage, and disposal of radioactive substances;

(d) Commercial wood treatment facilities on permeable surfaces;

(e) Wrecking yards;

(f) Landfills for hazardous waste, municipal solid waste, or special waste; and

(g) On-site septic systems on lots smaller than one acre without a treatment system that results in effluent nitrate-nitrogen concentrations below 10 milligrams per liter. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.220 Critical aquifer recharge areas – Permitted activities.

(1) Regulated Activities. The following standards apply to any development proposal in a critical aquifer recharge area:

(a) All storage tanks proposed to be located in a critical aquifer recharge area must comply with the International Building Code and the International Fire Code requirements for secondary containment.

(b) Commercial vehicle repair and servicing must be conducted over impermeable pads and within a covered structure capable of withstanding normally expected weather conditions. Chemicals used in the process of vehicle repair and servicing must be stored in a manner that protects them from weather and provides containment should leaks occur.

(c) No dry wells shall be allowed in critical aquifer recharge areas on sites used for vehicle repair and servicing. Dry wells existing on the site prior to facility development must be abandoned using techniques approved by the Washington Department of Ecology prior to commencement of the proposed activity.

(d) The activities listed below shall be conditioned in accordance with the applicable State and Federal regulations as necessary to protect critical aquifer recharge areas:

Table 21.51.220(1)(d) – Regulated Activities
Activity	Applicable State and Federal Regulations
Above ground storage tanks	WAC 173-303-640
Animal feedlots	Chapters 173-216 and 173-220 WAC
Automobile washers	Chapter 173-216 WAC, Vehicle and Equipment Washwater Discharges/Best Management Practices Manual (DOE 95-056)
Chemical treatment storage and disposal facilities	WAC 173-303-282
Hazardous waste generator (boat repair shops, biological research facility, dry cleaners, furniture stripping, motor vehicle service garages, photographic processing, printing and publishing shops, etc.)	Chapter 173-303 WAC
Injection wells	Federal 40 CFR Parts 144 and 146, Chapter 173-218 WAC
Junk yards and salvage yards	Chapter 173-304 WAC, Vehicle Recyclers: A Guide for Implementing the Industrial Stormwater General National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Requirements (DOE 94-146)
Oil and gas drilling	WAC 332-12-450, Chapter 173-218 WAC
On-site sewage systems (large scale)	Chapter 173-240 WAC
On-site sewage systems (< 14,500 gallons/day)	Chapter 246-272 WAC, local health ordinances
Pesticide storage and use	Chapters 15.54 and 17.21 RCW
Sawmills	Chapters 173-303 and 173-304 WAC, Industrial Stormwater General Permit Implementation Manual for Log Yards (DOE 04-10-031)
Solid waste handling and recycling facilities	Chapter 173-304 WAC
Surface mining	WAC 332-18-015
Underground storage tanks	Chapter 173-360 WAC
Wastewater application to land surface	Chapters 173-200 and 173-216 WAC

(Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.230 Critical aquifer recharge areas – Critical areas report additional requirements.

(1) In addition to the general critical areas report requirements in WMC 21.51.110, critical areas reports for CARAs shall include the following:

(a) Prepared by a Qualified Professional. A critical areas report for CARAs shall be prepared by a qualified professional who is a hydrogeologist, geologist, or engineer licensed in the State of Washington. The qualified professional shall have a minimum of five years of experience in the field and experience in preparing hydrogeologic assessments.

(b) Hydrogeologic Assessment. For all proposed activities to be located in a critical aquifer recharge area, a critical areas report shall contain a Level 1 hydrogeologic assessment. A Level 2 hydrogeologic assessment shall be required for any of the following proposed activities:

(i) Activities that result in five percent or more impervious site area;

(ii) Activities that divert, alter, or reduce the flow of surface or ground water, or reduce the recharging of the aquifer;

(iii) The use of hazardous substances, other than household chemicals used according to the directions specified on the packaging for domestic applications;

(iv) The use of injection wells, including on-site septic systems, except those domestic septic systems releasing less than 14,500 gallons of effluent per day and that are limited to a maximum density of one system per one acre; or

(v) Any other activity determined by the City that is likely to have an adverse impact on ground water quality or quantity, or on the recharge of the aquifer.

(c) Level 1 Hydrogeologic Assessment. A Level 1 hydrogeologic assessment shall include the following information on the site and development proposal:

(i) Available information regarding geologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of the site including the surface location of all critical aquifer recharge areas located on site or immediately adjacent to the site, and permeability of the unsaturated zone;

(ii) Ground water depth, flow direction, and gradient based on available information;

(iii) Currently available data on wells and springs within 1,300 feet of the project area;

(iv) Location of other critical areas, including surface waters, within 1,300 feet of the project area;

(v) Available historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity; and

(vi) Best management practices proposed to be utilized.

(d) Level 2 Hydrogeologic Assessment. A Level 2 hydrogeologic assessment shall include the information required for a Level 1 hydrogeologic assessment and the following information:

(i) Historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity compiled for at least the previous five-year period;

(ii) Ground water monitoring plan provisions;

(iii) Discussion of the effects of the proposed project on the ground water quality and quantity, including:

(A) Predictive evaluation of ground water withdrawal effects on nearby wells and surface water features; and

(B) Predictive evaluation of contaminant transport based on potential releases to ground water; and

(iv) A spill plan that identifies equipment and/or structures that could fail, resulting in an impact to the CARA. Spill plans shall include provisions for regular inspection, repair, and replacement of structures and equipment that could fail. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.250 Geologically sensitive areas – Designation.

(1) Definition. Geologically sensitive areas are those areas susceptible to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological events. Geologically sensitive areas pose a risk to health and safety of citizens when incompatible development is located in areas of significant hazard.

(2) Designation. Areas susceptible to one or more of the following types of hazards shall be designated as a geologically sensitive area and subject to the provisions of this chapter.

(a) Erosion Hazard. Those areas identified by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service or identified by a critical areas report as having a severe to very severe erosion potential.

(b) Landslide Hazard. Those areas susceptible to landslides based on a combination of geologic, topographic, and hydrologic factors. They include areas susceptible because of any combination of bedrock, soil, slope (gradient), slope aspect, structure, hydrology, or other factors. Examples of these may include, but are not limited to, the following:

(i) Areas of historic failures, such as areas designated as quaternary slumps, earthflows, mudflows, lahars, or landslides on maps published by the U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Department of Natural Resources, and/or other research meeting the best available science criteria in WAC 365-195-915;

(ii) Areas with all three of the following characteristics:

(A) Slopes steeper than 15 percent;

(B) Hillsides intersecting geologic contacts with a relatively permeable sediment overlying a relatively impermeable sediment or bedrock; and

(iii) Areas that have shown movement during the Holocene epoch (from 11,700 years ago to the present) or that are underlain or covered by mass wastage debris of that epoch;

(iv) Areas potentially unstable due to rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion, or undercutting by wave action;

(v) Areas located in a ravine, canyon or on an active alluvial fan, presently or potentially subject to inundation by debris flows or catastrophic flooding; and

(vi) Any area with a slope of 40 percent or steeper and with a vertical relief of 10 or more feet except areas composed of consolidated rock. A slope is delineated by establishing its toe and top and measured by averaging the inclination over at least 10 feet of vertical relief.

(c) Seismic Hazard. Those areas subject to severe risk of damage as a result of earthquake-induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement, surface rupture, or soil liquefaction.

(i) Ground shaking is the primary cause of earthquake damage in Washington. The strength of ground shaking is primarily affected by the magnitude of an earthquake, the distance from the source of an earthquake, the type and thickness of geologic materials at the surface, and the subsurface geologic structure;

(ii) Settlement and soil liquefaction conditions occur in areas underlain by cohesionless, loose, or soft-saturated soils of low density, typically in association with a shallow ground water table; and

(iii) Surface ruptures due to faults.

(d) Other Geologic Hazard. Other geological events including mass wasting debris flows, rock falls, and differential settlement. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.260 Geologically sensitive areas – Erosion and landslide hazards.

(1) General Development Standards. Alterations of erosion and landslide hazard areas and their buffers may only occur for activities that:

(a) Will not increase the threat of the geological hazard, soil movement, or slope instability to adjacent properties beyond predevelopment conditions;

(b) Will not adversely impact other critical areas or their buffers;

(c) Are designed so that the hazard and risk of damage to the project is eliminated or mitigated to a level where there is no increased adverse impact relative to natural conditions prior to development, its associated land use, or adjacent properties; and

(d) Are designed and constructed in conformance with the recommendations of the critical areas report.

(2) Buffer and Setback Required. Based upon review of and City concurrence with a critical areas report prepared by a qualified professional, a buffer shall be established from all edges of erosion or landslide hazard areas. The size of the buffer eliminates or minimizes the risk of property damage, death, or injury resulting from erosion and landslides caused in whole or part by the development.

(a) Standard Buffer. The standard buffer shall be 50 feet.

(b) Buffer Reduction. The buffer may be reduced to a minimum of 15 feet when a qualified professional demonstrates that the reduction will provide adequate protection to the proposed development, adjacent developments and uses, and the subject critical area.

(c) Increased Buffer. The buffer may be increased when a qualified professional determines a larger buffer is necessary to prevent risk of damage to proposed and existing development.

(d) Building Setback. A minimum 10-foot building setback shall be required from the edge of the buffer for any building or structure to ensure adequate distance for maintenance and repair without encroaching into the buffers. Trails, sidewalks, or stormwater facilities may be located in the building setback as long as access for maintenance will not result in adverse impacts to the buffer.

(3) Design Standards. Development within an erosion or landslide hazard area and its buffer shall be designed to meet the following requirements, unless it can be demonstrated that an alternative design provides greater long-term slope stability while meeting all other provisions of this title:

(a) The proposed development shall not decrease the factor of safety for landslide occurrences below the limits of 1.5 for static conditions and 1.2 for dynamic conditions;

(b) Structures and improvements shall be clustered to avoid geologically sensitive areas and other critical areas to the greatest extent possible;

(c) Structures and improvements shall minimize alterations to the natural contour of the slope, and foundations shall be tiered where possible to conform to existing topography;

(d) Structures and improvements shall be located to preserve the most critical portion of the site and its natural landforms and vegetation;

(e) The proposed development shall not result in greater risk or a need for increased buffers on neighboring properties;

(f) The use of retaining walls that allow the maintenance of existing natural slope area is preferred over graded artificial slopes; and

(g) Development shall be designed to minimize impervious lot coverage.

(4) Alteration Criteria. Alterations shall be subject to the following requirements:

(a) Alterations of an erosion or landslide hazard area and its buffer may only occur for activities for which a geotechnical analysis demonstrates that:

(i) The development will not increase surface water discharge or sedimentation to adjacent properties beyond predevelopment conditions;

(ii) The development will not decrease slope stability on the subject property and adjacent properties;

(iii) Such alterations will not adversely impact other critical areas; and

(iv) Steep slopes that are determined to be artificially created or man-made slopes through past grading or development activities may be modified under the recommendation of an approved geotechnical report that demonstrates that alteration will stabilize the slope and minimize erosion and landslide risk beyond predevelopment conditions.

(b) Vegetation Preservation. Unless otherwise provided or as part of an approved alteration, removal of vegetation from an erosion or landslide hazard area or related buffer shall be prohibited.

(c) Seasonal Restriction. Clearing shall be allowed only from May 1st to October 1st of each year; provided, that the City may extend or shorten the dry season on a case-by-case basis depending on actual weather conditions. Timber harvest, not including brush clearing or stump removal, may be allowed outside of seasonal restrictions pursuant to an approved forest practice permit issued by the Washington Department of Natural Resources.

(d) Utility Lines and Pipes. Utility lines and pipes shall be permitted in erosion and landslide hazard areas only when the applicant demonstrates that no other practical alternative is available. The line or pipe shall be located above ground and properly anchored, and designed so that it will continue to function in the event of an underlying slide. Stormwater conveyance shall be allowed only through a high-density polyethylene pipe with fuse-welded joints, or similar product approved by the City that is technically equal or superior.

(e) Point Discharges. Point discharges from surface water facilities and roof drains onto or upstream from an erosion or landslide hazard area shall be prohibited except as follows:

(i) Conveyed via continuous storm pipe downslope to a point where there are no erosion hazard areas downstream from the discharge;

(ii) Discharged at flow durations matching predeveloped conditions, with adequate energy dissipation, into existing channels that previously conveyed stormwater runoff in the predeveloped state; or

(iii) Dispersed discharge upslope of the steep slope onto a low-gradient undisturbed buffer demonstrated to be adequate to infiltrate all surface and stormwater runoff, and where it can be demonstrated that such discharge will not increase the saturation of the slope.

(f) Subdivisions. The division of land in erosion and landslide hazard areas and associated buffers shall be subject to WMC 21.51.080.

(g) Septic Systems. On-site sewage disposal systems, including drain fields, shall be prohibited within erosion and landslide hazard areas and their buffers.

(5) Additional Report Requirements. In addition to the general critical areas report requirements of WMC 21.51.110, critical areas reports for erosion and landslide hazard areas shall include the following information:

(a) Prepared by a Qualified Professional. The critical areas report shall be prepared by a qualified professional who is a civil engineer, engineering geologist, and/or geologist licensed in the State of Washington. The qualified professional shall have a minimum of five years of experience in the field and experience in preparing reports for geologic, hydrologic, and ground water flow systems.

(b) Analysis of Proposal. The report shall contain a hazards analysis including a detailed description of the project, its relationship to the geologic hazard(s), and its potential impact upon the hazard area, the subject property, and affected adjacent properties.

(i) A description of the extent and type of vegetative cover;

(ii) A description of subsurface conditions based on data from site-specific explorations;

(iii) Descriptions of surface and ground water conditions, public and private sewage disposal systems, fills and excavations, and all structural improvements;

(iv) An analysis or estimate of slope stability and the effect construction and placement of structures will have on the slope over the estimated life of the structure;

(v) Consideration of the run-out hazard of landslide debris and/or the impacts of landslide run-out on downslope properties;

(vi) A study of slope stability including an analysis of proposed cuts, fills, and other site grading;

(vii) Recommendations for building siting limitations;

(viii) An analysis of proposed surface and subsurface drainage, and the vulnerability of the site to erosion;

(ix) A detailed overview of the field investigations, published data, and references; data and conclusions from past assessments of the site; and site specific measurements, tests, investigations, or studies that support the identification of geologically sensitive areas;

(x) A review of the site history regarding landslides, erosion, and prior grading. A description of the vulnerability of the site to seismic and other geologic events; and

(xi) Documentation of data resulting from tests or analysis.

(d) Geotechnical Engineering Report. The technical information for a project within a landslide hazard area shall include a geotechnical engineering report prepared by a licensed engineer that presents engineering recommendations for the following:

(i) Parameters for design of site improvements including appropriate foundations and retaining structures. These should include allowable load and resistance capacities for bearing and lateral loads, installation considerations, and estimates of settlement performance;

(ii) Recommendations for drainage and subdrainage improvements;

(iii) Earthwork recommendations including clearing and site preparation standards, fill placement and compaction standards, temporary and permanent slope inclinations and protection, and temporary excavation support, if necessary; and

(iv) Mitigation of adverse site conditions including slope stabilization measures and seismically unstable soils, if necessary.

(e) Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. For any development proposal on a site containing an erosion hazard area, an erosion and sediment control plan shall be required. The erosion and sediment control plan shall be prepared in compliance with requirements set forth in the adopted King County Surface Water Design Manual.

(f) Drainage Plan. The technical information shall include a drainage plan for the collection, transport, treatment, discharge, and/or recycle of water prepared in accordance with the adopted King County Surface Water Design Manual. The drainage plan should consider on-site septic system disposal volumes where the additional volume will affect the erosion or landslide hazard area.

(g) Monitoring Surface Waters. If the City determines based on the recommendation of a qualified professional that there is a significant risk of damage to downstream receiving waters due to potential erosion from the site, based on the size of the project, the proximity to the receiving waters, or the sensitivity of the receiving waters, the technical information shall include a plan to monitor the surface water discharge from the site. The monitoring plan shall include a recommended schedule for submitting monitoring reports to the City.

(h) Minimum Buffer and Building Setback. The report shall make a recommendation for the minimum no-disturbance buffer and minimum building setback from any geologically sensitive area based upon the geotechnical analysis.

(i) Mitigation Assessment. When hazard mitigation is required, the mitigation plan shall specifically address how the activity maintains or reduces the predevelopment level of risk to the site and adjacent properties on a long-term basis (equal to or exceeding the projected lifespan of the activity or occupation). Mitigation may be required to avoid any increase in risk above the preexisting conditions following abandonment of the activity. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.270 Geologically sensitive areas – Seismic hazard areas and other hazard areas.

(1) Development Standards. Alterations of seismic hazard areas or other hazard areas and their buffers may only occur for activities that:

(a) Will not increase the threat of the geological hazard, soil movement, or slope instability to adjacent properties beyond predevelopment conditions;

(b) Will not adversely impact other critical areas or their buffers;

(d) Are designed and constructed in conformance with the recommendations of the critical areas report.

(2) Additional Report Requirements. In addition to the general critical areas report requirements of WMC 21.51.110, critical areas reports for seismic and other hazard areas shall include the following information:

(c) Hazards Analysis. The hazards analysis shall include a complete discussion of the potential impacts of seismic activity on the site (for example, forces generated and fault displacement).

(d) Geological Assessment. The report shall include an assessment of the geologic characteristics of the soils, sediments, and/or rock of the project area and potentially affected adjacent properties. Soils analysis shall be accomplished in accordance with accepted classification systems in use in the region. The assessment shall include:

(i) A description of the surface and subsurface geology, hydrology, soils, and vegetation found in the project area and in all hazard areas addressed in the report;

(ii) A detailed overview of the field investigations, published data, and references; data and conclusions from past assessments of the site; and site specific measurements, tests, investigations, or studies that support the identification of geologically sensitive areas; and

(iii) A review of the site history regarding landslides, erosion, and prior grading, including a description of the vulnerability of the site to seismic and other geologic events.

(e) Geotechnical Engineering Report. A geotechnical engineering report shall evaluate the physical properties of the subsurface soils, particularly the thickness of unconsolidated deposits and their liquefaction potential. If it is determined that the site is subject to liquefaction, mitigation measures shall be recommended and implemented.

(f) Minimum Buffer and Building Setback. The report shall make a recommendation for the minimum no-disturbance buffer and minimum building setback from any geologically sensitive area based upon the geotechnical analysis.

(g) Mitigation Assessment. When hazard mitigation is required, the mitigation plan shall specifically address how the activity maintains or reduces the predevelopment level of risk to the site and adjacent properties on a long-term basis (equal to or exceeding the projected lifespan of the activity or occupation). Mitigation may be required to avoid any increase in risk above the preexisting conditions following abandonment of the activity. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.300 Wetlands – Designation and rating.

(1) Definition. Wetlands are those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. Wetlands do not include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland sites, including, but not limited to, irrigation and drainage ditches, grass-lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990, that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street, or highway. Wetlands may include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland areas created to mitigate conversion of wetlands.

(2) Designation. Identification of wetlands and delineation of their boundaries shall be in accordance with the current approved Federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements as set forth in WAC 173-22-035. Areas meeting the wetland designation criteria are critical areas and subject to the provisions of this chapter.

(3) Wetland Rating and Categories. Wetlands shall be rated according to the current approved version of the Department of Ecology Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington. Definitions and the methodology for determining criteria as provided in this document are hereby adopted by reference.

(a) Categories. Wetlands shall be designated based on the table below. Special characteristic wetlands shall be designated through the current Ecology wetland rating system. If the wetland qualifies under more than one category, the greater wetland rating shall apply.

Table 21.51.300(3)(a) – Wetland Categories
Category	Designation Descriptions
Category I	Wetlands that meet one of the following criteria:
	– High level of functions (score of 23 or more);
	– Represent unique or rare high-functioning wetland types;
	– More sensitive to disturbance than most wetlands; or
	– Relatively undisturbed and contain ecological attributes that are impossible to replace in a human lifetime.
Category II	– High level of some functions (score of 20 – 22).
	– Difficult, though not impossible, to replace.
Category III	– Moderate level of functions (score of 16 – 19).
	– Can often be adequately replaced with a well-planned mitigation project.
	– Experienced some disturbance.
	– Often less diverse and more isolated from other natural resources than Category II wetlands.
Category IV	– Lowest level of functions (score of 15 or less).
	– Can often be adequately replaced with a well-planned mitigation project.
	– Often characterized by a high level of disturbance.

(b) Date of Wetland Rating. Wetland rating categories shall be applied as the wetland exists on the date of adoption of the rating system, as the wetland naturally changes thereafter, or as the wetland changes in accordance with permitted activities. Wetland rating categories shall not change due to illegal modification.

(c) Delineation. The wetland’s boundaries shall be delineated through a survey and field investigation by a qualified professional applying the most current Federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplement. Wetland delineations are valid for five years; after such date, the City shall determine whether a revision or additional assessment is necessary. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.310 Wetlands – Development standards.

(1) Standard Wetland Buffers. Activities and uses shall be prohibited within wetlands and their buffers except as provided for in this chapter. For activities and uses meeting the minimized impact standards in subsection (2) of this section, the width of the wetland buffers shall be determined according to the wetland category and habitat point scoring shown in Table 21.51.310(1). The outer edge of the wetland buffer shall be delineated through a survey and field investigation by a qualified professional.

Table 21.51.310(1) – Wetland Buffer Widths
Wetland Category	Buffer Width Based on Habitat Points
Wetland Category	3 – 4 habitat points	5 habitat points	6 – 7 habitat points	8 – 9 habitat points
Category I	75 feet	105 feet	165 feet	225 feet
Category II	75 feet	105 feet	165 feet	225 feet
Category III	60 feet	105 feet	165 feet	225 feet
Category IV	40 feet

(2) Minimized Impact Standards. The following minimized impact standards must be adhered to in the table below. If an applicant chooses not to apply mitigation standards, the wetland buffer widths in Table 21.51.310(1) shall be increased by 33 percent.

Table 21.51.310(2) – Minimized Impact Standards
Disturbance	Required Measures to Minimize Impacts
Lights	– Direct lights away from wetland.
Noise	– Locate activity that generates noise away from wetland.
	– If warranted, enhance existing buffer with native vegetation plantings adjacent to noise source.
	– For activities that generate relatively continuous, potentially disruptive noise, such as certain heavy industry or mining, establish an additional 10-foot heavily vegetated buffer strip immediately adjacent to the outer wetland buffer.
Toxic runoff	– Route all new, untreated runoff away from wetland while ensuring wetland is not dewatered.
	– Limit use of pesticides within 150 feet of wetland meeting surface water discharge requirements of Chapter 13.04 WMC.
	– Apply integrated pest management.
Stormwater runoff	– Retrofit stormwater detention and treatment for roads and existing adjacent development.
	– Prevent channelized flow from lawns that directly enters the buffer.
	– Use low intensity development techniques (per PSAT publication on LID techniques).
	– Design the on-site stormwater system to comply with the current approved version of the King County Surface Water Design Manual.
Change in water regime	– Infiltrate or treat, detain, and disperse into buffer new runoff from impervious surfaces and new lawns.
Pets and human disturbance	– Use privacy fencing OR plant dense vegetation to delineate buffer edge and to discourage disturbance using vegetation appropriate for the ecoregion.
Pets and human disturbance	– Place wetland and its buffer in a separate tract or protect with a conservation easement.
Dust	– Use best management practices to control dust.
Disruption of corridors or connections	– Maintain connections to off-site areas that are undisturbed.
Disruption of corridors or connections	– Restore corridors.

(3) Increased Buffers. An increased buffer width shall be required in accordance with the recommendations of a qualified professional and best available science when a larger buffer is necessary to protect wetland functions and values. This determination shall be based on one or more of the following critical areas:

(a) Geologically Sensitive Areas. If the buffer or abutting uplands include a geologically sensitive area, the buffer width shall be the greater of either the required wetland buffer or 25 feet beyond the top of the geologically sensitive area.

(b) Other Critical Areas. If the wetland and its buffer are located adjacent to other critical areas, a larger buffer may be required to protect other critical areas in accordance to the recommendations of a qualified professional and best available science.

(c) Species Habitat. The wetland contains documented habitat for endangered, threatened, priority species or species of local importance. The buffer shall be established based on a habitat assessment pursuant to WMC 21.51.400 through 21.51.440.

(4) Existing Roads or Structures in Buffers. Where a legally established roadway transects a wetland buffer, a modification to the minimum required buffer width may be granted to the edge of the roadway or structure; provided, that the proposed development does not increase the degree of nonconformity.

(5) Buffer Averaging. The minimum buffer width may be averaged in accordance with an approved critical areas report using the best available science. Averaging of buffer widths may only be allowed if all of the following criteria are met:

(a) It will provide additional protection to wetlands and result in a net improvement of wetland habitat, functions, and values;

(b) The buffer width is not reduced by more than 25 percent of the standard width in any one location;

(c) The wetland contains variations in sensitivity due to existing physical characteristics or the character of the buffer varies in slope, soils, or vegetation, and the wetland would benefit from a wider buffer in places and would not be adversely impacted by a narrower buffer in other places;

(d) The total area contained in the buffer area after averaging is no less than that which would be contained within the standard buffer; and

(e) When wetland standard buffers are reduced, wetland areas shall not be filled to create wetland buffers.

(6) Building Setback. A minimum 10-foot building setback shall be required from the edge of the buffer for any building or structure to ensure adequate distance for maintenance and repair without encroaching into the buffers. Trails, sidewalks, or stormwater facilities may be located in the building setback as long as access for maintenance will not result in adverse impacts to the buffer.

(7) Temporary and permanent signs and fencing shall be installed along the outer boundary of the wetland buffer in accordance with WMC 21.51.140.

(8) Livestock. Property owners shall implement a farm conservation plan per King Conservation District or best management practice standards to protect and enhance wetland water quality. (Ord. 737 § 22, 2022; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.320 Wetlands – Permitted activities.

(1) Alterations. Alterations to wetlands and their buffers may be allowed in addition to those established in WMC 21.51.040 and 21.51.050, if the City determines that there is no practical alternative location with less adverse impacts on the wetland or its buffer, subject to mitigation requirements set forth in this chapter, as follows:

(a) Conservation and Restoration Activities. Conservation and restoration activities include activities that are aimed at protecting soil, water, vegetation, or wildlife.

(b) Public and Private Utilities. Utilities may be allowed in wetland buffers if all of the following criteria are met:

(i) Placement of the utilities may be located in the outer 25 percent of the buffer area;

(ii) The utility corridor and construction area are the minimum size necessary;

(iii) The utility is not located in a wetland or buffer designated as a fish and wildlife habitat conservation area pursuant to WMC 21.51.400;

(iv) Mitigation is required that minimizes the impact of the proposal on the wetland buffer;

(v) The utility corridor meets the provisions of Policies U-1.5 and U-1.8 of the Comprehensive Plan;

(vi) Construction and maintenance protects the wetland and buffer and is aligned to avoid cutting trees greater than 12 inches in diameter at breast height; and

(vii) For public sewer and water distribution only, if the corridor cannot be located in the outer 25 percent of the buffer area due to gravity flow, it may be located in another part of the buffer with the least adverse impact to the wetland.

(c) Drilling for Utilities or Utility Corridors under a Wetland. Entrance/exit portals shall be located completely outside of the wetland buffer; provided, that drilling does not interrupt the ground water connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column. Specific studies by a hydrologist are necessary to determine whether the ground water connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column will be disturbed.

(d) Utility Joint Use. Joint use of an approved utility corridor by other utilities may be allowed.

(e) Stormwater Facilities. The following stormwater facilities are permitted only within the outer 25 percent of the buffer of a Category III or IV wetland:

(i) Surface water discharge of treated stormwater to a wetland from a detention facility, presettlement pond, or other surface water management activity or facility may be allowed only if the discharge does not increase the rate of flow, change the native plant composition in a wetland, or decrease the water quality of the wetland; and

(ii) Stormwater management facilities, limited to stormwater dispersion, outfalls, and bioswales, may be allowed only if no other location is feasible and the location will not degrade functions and values of the wetland.

(f) Dispersal Trenches. Grass-lined swales, dispersal trenches, and energy dissipaters may be located in the outer 25 percent of the buffer area of a Category III or Category IV wetland only. Other surface water management facilities are not allowed within the buffer area.

(g) Trails. Public and private trails, or visual access areas, may be located in the outer 25 percent of wetland buffers, provided:

(i) The trail surface shall not be made of impervious materials, except that public multipurpose trails may be made of impervious materials if they meet all other requirements, including water quality and quantity; and

(ii) Buffers shall be expanded, where possible, equal to the width of the trail corridor including disturbed areas.

(h) Existing Roads. Widening of existing roads may be allowed on the outer 25 percent of the buffer area if:

(i) There is no practical alternative access with less environmental adverse impact;

(ii) The proposal minimizes impact to the wetland and provides mitigation for unavoidable impacts through restoration, enhancement, or replacement of disturbed areas;

(iii) The proposal does not change the overall wetland hydrology;

(iv) The proposal does not diminish the flood storage capacity of the wetland;

(v) The proposal is constructed during summer low water periods; and

(vi) Crossings are the minimum size or length necessary to provide access.

(2) There shall be no introduction of any plant or wildlife that is not indigenous to the Puget Sound region into any wetland or buffer unless authorized by a State or Federal permit or approval.

(3) The use of hazardous substances, pesticides, and fertilizers in the wetland and its buffer is prohibited. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.330 Wetlands – Critical areas report additional requirements.

(1) Additional Report Requirements. In addition to the general critical areas report requirements of WMC 21.51.110, critical areas reports for wetlands shall include the following information:

(a) Prepared by a Qualified Professional. The critical areas report shall be prepared by a qualified professional who is a professional wetland scientist. The qualified professional shall have a minimum of five years of experience in the field of wetland science and experience in preparing wetland reports.

(b) Wetland Assessment. The wetland assessment shall include the following information on the site:

(i) Wetland delineation, rating, category, and required buffers;

(ii) Existing wetland acreage, which may be approximated if the wetland extends onto adjacent properties;

(iii) Vegetative, faunal, and hydrologic characteristics;

(iv) Soil and substrate conditions;

(v) A discussion of the water sources supplying the wetland and documentation of hydrologic regime (locations of inlet and outlet features, water depths throughout the wetland, evidence of recharge or discharge, evidence of water depths throughout the year – drift lines, algal layers, moss lines, and sediment deposits); and

(vi) Clearing limits.

(c) Habitat and Vegetation Conservation. A habitat and native vegetation conservation strategy that addresses methods to protect and enhance on-site habitat and wetland functions.

(d) Proposed Mitigation. If required, a mitigation plan consistent with WMC 21.51.120 and 21.51.340. The mitigation plan shall include a written assessment and accompanying maps of the mitigation area, including the following information at a minimum:

(i) Proposed wetland acreage;

(ii) Proposed vegetative, faunal, and hydrologic characteristics;

(iii) Surface and subsurface hydrologic conditions including an analysis of existing and future hydrologic regime and proposed hydrologic regime for enhanced, created, or restored mitigation areas;

(iv) Proposed soil and substrate conditions;

(v) Proposed adjacent site conditions;

(vi) Required wetland buffers (including any buffer reduction and mitigation proposed to increase the plant densities, remove weedy vegetation, and replant the buffers);

(vii) Information demonstrating how enhancement will increase functions of degraded wetlands and how the increase will mitigate for loss of wetland areas and functions at the impact site.

(e) Maintenance and Monitoring. A written plan outlining proposed maintenance, monitoring, and management practices that will provide long-term protection of the wetland consistent with WMC 21.51.130.

(f) Data Sheets. Copies of all wetland determination data sheets and supporting figures. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.340 Wetlands – Mitigation.

(1) General. Mitigation shall be consistent with the requirements in WMC 21.51.120. An evaluation of mitigation sequencing, including avoidance, minimization, and compensation, shall be provided pursuant to WMC 21.51.120. Selection of mitigation sites should be guided by watershed plans for basins and sub-basins where those plans are available.

(2) Mitigation for Lost Functions and Values. Mitigation actions shall address functions affected by the alteration to achieve functional equivalency or improvement, and shall provide similar wetland functions as those lost, except when:

(a) The lost wetland provides minimal functions as determined by a site-specific function assessment and the proposed mitigation action(s) will provide equal or greater functions or will provide functions shown to be limiting within a watershed through a formal watershed assessment plan or protocol; or

(b) Off-site replacement will best meet formally identified regional goals, such as replacement of historically diminished wetland types.

(3) Preference of Mitigation Actions. Mitigation actions that require compensation by replacing, enhancing, or substitution shall occur in the following order of preference:

(a) Restoring wetland acreage and functions to an area where those functions formerly occurred.

(b) Creating new wetland areas and functions in an area where they did not previously occur.

(d) Preserving existing high-quality wetlands from future loss or degradation.

(4) Type and Location of Mitigation. Mitigation actions shall be in kind and located on the same site as the alteration, except when:

(a) There is no opportunity for on-site mitigation or on-site opportunities do not have a high likelihood of success due to development pressures, adjacent land uses, wildlife impacts, or on-site buffers or connectivity are inadequate;

(b) Off-site mitigation has a greater likelihood of providing equal or improved wetland functions than the impacted wetland;

(c) Off-site locations shall be in Water Resource Inventory Area (WRIA) 8 and in the same sub-basin as the impacted wetland; and

(d) The off-site location wetland mitigation will best meet formally identified watershed goals, such as replacement of historically diminished wetland types.

(5) Mitigation Ratios.

(a) Acreage Replacement Ratios. The following ratios shall apply to creation or restoration that is in kind, on site, the same category, timed prior to or concurrent with alteration, and has a high probability of success. These ratios do not apply to remedial actions resulting from unauthorized alterations; greater ratios shall apply in those cases. These ratios do not apply to the use of credits from a State-certified wetland mitigation bank or approved in-lieu-fee program. The first number specifies the acreage of replacement wetlands and the second specifies the acreage of wetlands altered.

Table 21.51.340(5)(a) – Acreage Replacement Ratios
Category and Type of Wetland	Creation or Reestablishment	Rehabilitation	Enhancement
Category I: Bog, Natural Heritage Site	Not considered possible	Case by case	Case by case
Category I: Mature Forested	6:1	12:1	24:1
Category I: Based on Functions	4:1	8:1	16:1
Category II	3:1	6:1	12:1
Category III	2:1	4:1	8:1
Category IV	1.5:1	3:1	6:1

(b) Credit/Debit Method. To more fully protect functions and values, and as an alternative to the mitigation ratios found in the joint guidance “Wetland Mitigation in Washington State Parts I and II” (Ecology Publication No. 06-06-011a-b, Olympia, WA, March, 2006), the City may allow mitigation based on the “credit/debit” method developed by the Department of Ecology in “Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Western Washington: Final Report” (Ecology Publication No. 10-06-011, Olympia, WA, March 2012, or as revised).

(c) Buffer Mitigation Ratios. Impacts to buffers shall be mitigated at a 1:1 ratio. Compensatory buffer mitigation shall replace those buffer functions lost from development.

(6) Mitigation Timing. Where feasible, mitigation projects shall be completed prior to activities that will disturb wetlands. In all other cases, mitigation shall be completed immediately following disturbance and prior to use or occupancy of the activity or development. Construction of mitigation projects shall be timed to reduce impacts to existing wildlife and flora.

(7) Monitoring and Maintenance. Mitigation projects shall be monitored and maintained consistent with WMC 21.51.130.

(8) Buffers for Mitigation Sites. Mitigation sites shall have buffers consistent with the requirements of this chapter. The buffer for a wetland that is created, restored, or enhanced as compensation for approved wetland alterations shall be subject to the buffer of the highest wetland category involved.

(9) Wetland Mitigation Banks. Credits from a wetland mitigation bank may be approved for use as compensation for unavoidable impacts to wetlands.

(a) The following criteria shall be met in order to apply credits from a wetland mitigation bank when:

(i) The bank is certified under Chapter 173-700 WAC;

(ii) The City determines that the wetland mitigation bank provides appropriate compensation for the authorized impacts; and

(iii) The proposed use of credits is consistent with the terms and conditions of the bank’s certification.

(b) Replacement ratios for projects using bank credits shall be consistent with replacement ratios specified in the bank’s certification.

(c) Credits from a certified wetland mitigation bank may be used to compensate for impacts located within the service area specified in the bank’s certification. In some cases, bank service areas may include portions of more than one adjacent drainage basin for specific wetland functions.

(10) In-Lieu Fee. To aid in the implementation of off-site mitigation, the City may develop an in-lieu-fee program. This program shall be developed and approved through a public process and be consistent with Federal rules, State policy on in-lieu-fee mitigation, and State water quality regulations. An approved in-lieu-fee program sells compensatory mitigation credits to permittees whose obligation to provide compensatory mitigation is then transferred to the in-lieu program sponsor, a governmental or nonprofit natural resource management entity. Credits from an approved in-lieu-fee program may be used if all of the following apply:

(a) The approval authority determines that it would provide environmentally appropriate compensation for the proposed impacts.

(b) The mitigation will occur on a site identified using the site selection and prioritization process in the approved in-lieu-fee program instrument.

(c) The proposed use of credits is consistent with the terms and conditions of the approved in-lieu-fee program instrument.

(d) Land acquisition and initial physical and biological improvements of the mitigation site must be completed within three years of the credit sale.

(e) Projects using in-lieu-fee credits shall have debits associated with the proposed impacts calculated by the applicant’s qualified wetland scientist using the method consistent with the credit assessment method specified in the approved instrument for the in-lieu-fee program.

(f) Credits from an approved in-lieu-fee program may be used to compensate for impacts located within the service area specified in the approved in-lieu-fee instrument.

(11) Alternative Mitigation Plans. The City may approve alternative critical areas mitigation plans that are based on best available science, such as priority restoration plans that achieve restoration goals identified in the Shoreline Master Program (SMP). Alternative mitigation proposals must provide an equivalent or better level of protection of critical area functions and values than would be provided by the strict application of this chapter. The following criteria shall be met for approval of an alternative mitigation proposal:

(a) The proposal uses a watershed approach consistent with Selecting Wetland Mitigation Sites Using a Watershed Approach (Western Washington) (Ecology Publication No. 09-06-32, Olympia, WA, December 2009).

(b) Creation or enhancement of a larger system of natural areas and open space is preferable to the preservation of many individual habitat areas.

(c) Mitigation according to subsection (4) of this section is not feasible due to site constraints such as parcel size, stream type, wetland category, or geologic hazards.

(d) There is clear potential for success of the proposed mitigation at the proposed mitigation site.

(e) The plan shall contain clear and measurable standards for achieving compliance with the specific provisions of the plan.

(f) The plan shall be reviewed and approved as part of overall approval of the proposed use. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.350 Frequently flooded areas – Designation.

(1) Definition. Frequently flooded areas are those areas meeting one or more of the following components. These areas shall be designated as frequently flooded areas and shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter:

(a) Floodplain;

(b) Flood fringe; and

(2) Designation. Frequently flooded areas shall include the following areas:

(a) Areas Identified on Flood Insurance Map(s). Those areas identified as special flood hazard areas by the Federal Insurance Administrator pursuant to Chapter 21.53 WMC.

(b) Areas Identified by the City. Those areas of special flood hazard identified by the City pursuant to Chapter 21.53 WMC based on a review of base flood elevation and floodway data available from Federal, State, County or other agency sources when base flood elevation data has not been provided from FEMA. (Ord. 699 § 1, 2020; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.360 Development requirements within frequently flooded areas.

All development within a frequently flooded area shall comply with the requirements set forth in Chapter 21.53 WMC, Flood Damage Prevention. (Ord. 699 § 3, 2020)

21.51.370 Frequently flooded areas – Permitted activities.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.380 Frequently flooded areas – Critical areas report additional requirements.

(1) A development permit shall be obtained before construction or development begins within any area of special flood hazard established in Chapter 21.53 WMC. The permit shall be for all structures including manufactured homes and for all development including fill and other activities as defined in Chapter 21.53 WMC. In addition to the general critical areas report requirements of WMC 21.51.110, critical area reports for frequently flooded areas shall include a flood hazard assessment and the following information:

(a) Prepared by a Qualified Professional. The critical areas report shall be prepared by a qualified professional who is a hydrologist or engineer licensed in the State of Washington. The qualified professional shall have a minimum of five years of experience in the field and experience in preparing flood hazard assessments.

(b) Site Areas. The following areas shall be addressed:

(i) The site area of the proposed activity;

(ii) All areas of a special flood hazard, or other flood area as indicated in the flood insurance maps within 200 feet of the project area; and

(iii) All other flood areas indicated on the flood insurance maps within 200 feet of the project area.

(c) Watercourse Alteration. Alteration of natural watercourses shall be avoided, if feasible. If unavoidable, a critical areas report shall include:

(i) A description of and plan showing the extent to which a watercourse will be altered or relocated as a result of the proposal;

(ii) A maintenance program that provides maintenance practices for the altered or relocated portion of the watercourse to ensure that the flood carrying capacity is not diminished; and

(iii) Information describing and documenting how the proposed watercourse alteration complies with the requirements of Chapter 21.53 WMC and other applicable State or Federal permit requirements.

(d) Habitat Impact Assessment. A permit application to develop in a frequently flooded area shall include an assessment of the impact of the project on Federal, State, or locally protected species and habitat, water quality, and aquatic and riparian habitat. A habitat assessment shall be one of the following:

(i) A biological evaluation or biological assessment developed in accordance with 50 CFR 402.12;

(ii) Documentation that the activity fits within Section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act;

(iii) Documentation that the activity fits within a habitat conservation plan approved pursuant to Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, where such assessment has been prepared and made available; or

(iv) A habitat impact assessment prepared in accordance with the current adopted FEMA Regional Guidance for Floodplain Habitat Assessment and Mitigation, FEMA Region X. The assessment shall determine if the project would adversely affect:

(A) Species that are Federal, State, or locally listed as threatened or endangered;

(B) The primary constituent elements for critical habitat, when designated, including but not limited to water quality, water quantity, flood volumes, flood velocities, spawning substrate, and/or floodplain refuge for listed salmonids;

(D) Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas; and

(E) Other protected areas and elements necessary for species conservation. (Ord. 699 § 4, 2020; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.400 Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas – Designation.

(1) Definition. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas are those habitat areas that meet any of the criteria listed below. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas do not include irrigation ditches, canals, stormwater runoff devices, or other entirely artificial watercourses, except where they exist in a natural watercourse that has been altered by humans.

(a) Areas with Which State or Federally Designated Endangered, Threatened, and Sensitive Species Have a Primary Association.

(i) Federally designated endangered and threatened species are those fish and wildlife species identified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service that are in danger of extinction or threatened to become endangered. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service should be consulted for current listing status.

(ii) State designated endangered, threatened, and sensitive species are those fish and wildlife species native to the State of Washington, identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), that are in danger of extinction, threatened to become endangered, vulnerable, or declining and are likely to become endangered or threatened in a significant portion of their range within the State without cooperative management or removal of threats. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife should be consulted for current listing status.

(b) State Priority Habitat and Species. Habitats associated with State priority species or designated as State priority habitats are considered priorities for conservation and management. Priority species require protective habitat measures for their perpetuation due to their population status, sensitivity to habitat alteration, and/or recreational, commercial, or tribal importance. Priority habitats are those habitat types or elements with unique or significant value to a diverse assemblage of species. A priority habitat may consist of a unique vegetation type or dominant plant species, a described successional stage, or a specific structural element. Priority habitats and species are identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

(c) Habitat and Species of Local Importance. Habitats and species of local importance are those identified by the City of Woodinville that due to their population status, or sensitivity to habitat manipulation, warrant protection.

(i) The following species are designated as species of local importance:

Table 21.51.400(c)(i) – Species of
Local Importance
Common Name	Scientific Name
Bald eagle	Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Peregrine falcon	Falco peregrines
Common loon	Gavia immer
Pileated woodpecker	Dryocopus pileatus
Vaux’s swift	Chaetura vauxi
Purple martin	Progne subis
Western grebe	Aechmophorus occidentalis
Great blue heron	Ardea herodias
Green heron	Butorides virescens
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus
Western big-eared bat	Plecotus townsendii
Keen’s myotis	Myotis keenii
Long-eared myotis	Myotis evotis
Oregon spotted frog	Rana pretiosa
Western pond turtle	Clemmys marmorata
Bull trout	Salvelinus confluentus
Chinook salmon	Oncorhynchus tshawyscha
Coho salmon	Oncorhynchus kisutch
Sockeye/kokanee salmon	Oncorhynchus nerka
River lamprey	Lampetra ayresi

(ii) Nominations for habitats or species of local importance shall be processed as a text amendment pursuant to Chapter 21.86 WMC. Nominations for habitats or species of local importance shall demonstrate the following:

(A) Habitat or species rarity or vulnerability to rarity, as evidenced by restricted, small, or declining species population and habitats or community loss or degradation;

(B) The need for protection, maintenance, and/or restoration of the nominated habitat to ensure the long-term survival of a species;

(C) If applicable, the ability of the site to maintain connectivity between habitat areas or to contribute significantly to regional biodiversity as evidenced by species use, richness, abundance, and/or rarity;

(D) Why special protection is needed and how existing County, State and Federal programs and regulations do not provide adequate protection; and

(E) Any proposed management strategies for the affected species or habitat supported by best available science.

(d) Streams and Watercourses. Streams shall be classified using the current approved version of the State Water Typing System pursuant to WAC 222-16-030 and 222-16-031. Streams meeting the designation criteria below and all associated riparian habitat areas, identified as stream buffers in this chapter, are subject to the provisions of this chapter.

Table 21.51.400(1)(d) – Stream Classifications
Classification	Brief Description	Full Description
Type S	Shoreline of the State	All waters, within their bankfull width, as inventoried as “shorelines of the State” under Chapter 90.58 RCW and the rules promulgated pursuant to Chapter 90.58 RCW including periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands. Within the City of Woodinville, the Sammamish River and Little Bear Creek are designated as Type S streams.
Type F	Fish-bearing stream (perennial or seasonal)	Segments of natural waters other than Type S waters, which are within the bankfull widths of defined channels and periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands, or within lakes, ponds, or impoundments having a surface area of 0.5 acre or greater at seasonal low water and which in any case contain fish habitat or are described by one of the following four categories:
		(a) Waters which are diverted for domestic use by more than 10 residential or camping units or by a public accommodation facility licensed to serve more than 10 persons, where such diversion is determined by the Department to be a valid appropriation of water and the only practical water source for such users. Such waters shall be considered to be Type F water upstream from the point of such diversion for 1,500 feet or until the drainage area is reduced by 50 percent, whichever is less;
		(b) Waters which are diverted for use by Federal, State, tribal or private fish hatcheries. Such waters shall be considered Type F water upstream from the point of diversion for 1,500 feet, including tributaries, if highly significant for protection of downstream water quality. The Department may allow additional harvest beyond the requirements of Type F water designation provided the Department determines after a landowner-requested on-site assessment by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington Department of Ecology, the affected tribes and interested parties that:
		(i) The management practices proposed by the landowner will adequately protect water quality for the fish hatchery; and
		(ii) Such additional harvest meets the requirements of the water type designation that would apply in the absence of the hatchery;
		(c) Waters which are within a Federal, State, local, or private campground having more than 10 camping units; provided, that the water shall not be considered to enter a campground until it reaches the boundary of the park lands available for public use and comes within 100 feet of a camping unit, trail or other park improvement;
		(d) Riverine ponds, wall-based channels, and other channel features that are used by fish for off-channel habitat. These areas are critical to the maintenance of optimum survival of fish. This habitat shall be identified based on the following criteria:
		(i) The site must be connected to a fish habitat stream and accessible during some period of the year; and
		(ii) The off-channel water must be accessible to fish.
Type Np	Non-fish-bearing perennial stream	All segments of natural waters within the bankfull width of defined channels that are perennial non-fish-habitat streams. Perennial streams are flowing waters that do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall and include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow.
Type Ns	Non-fish-bearing seasonal stream	All segments of natural waters within the bankfull width of the defined channels that are not Type S, F, or Np waters. These are seasonal, non-fish-habitat streams in which surface flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and are not located downstream from any stream reach that is a Type Np water. Ns waters must be physically connected by an above ground channel system to Type S, F, or Np waters.

(e) Naturally Occurring Ponds Under 20 Acres. Naturally occurring ponds are those ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat, including those artificial ponds intentionally created from dry areas in order to mitigate impacts to ponds. Naturally occurring ponds do not include ponds deliberately designed and created from dry sites, such as canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, temporary construction ponds, and landscape amenities, unless such artificial ponds were intentionally created for mitigation.

(f) Waters of the State. Waters of the State include lakes, ponds, streams, inland waters, underground waters, and all other surface waters and watercourses within the jurisdiction of the State of Washington, as classified in WAC 222-16-031.

(g) Areas of Rare Plant Species and High Quality Ecosystems. Areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems are identified by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources through the Natural Heritage Program.

(h) Native growth protection areas (NGPA) and other areas designated by the City.

(2) Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas are usually found in conjunction with another critical area listed in this chapter. The critical areas report shall address all criteria for each critical area specifically. (Ord. 706 § 43, 2020; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.410 Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas – Development standards.

(1) Standard Buffers. Activities and uses shall be prohibited within fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas and their buffers, except as provided for in this chapter.

(a) Habitat Conservation Area Buffers. The City shall require the establishment of buffer areas for activities adjacent to habitat conservation areas, when needed to protect habitat conservation areas. Buffers shall consist of an undisturbed area of native vegetation or areas identified for restoration established to protect the integrity, functions, and values of the affected habitat. Required buffer widths shall reflect the sensitivity of the habitat and the type and intensity of human activity proposed to be conducted nearby, and shall be consistent with the management recommendations issued by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

(b) Stream Buffers. Stream buffers shall be established for habitats that include aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems that mutually benefit each other and that are buffers located adjacent to rivers, perennial or intermittent streams, seeps, and springs.

(i) Stream Buffer Widths. The stream buffers shall be determined according to the stream type shown in Table 21.51.410(1)(b)(i). Widths shall be measured outward in each direction on the horizontal plane from the ordinary high water mark or from the top of the bank if the ordinary high water mark cannot be identified.

Table 21.51.410(1)(b)(i) – Stream
Buffer Widths
Stream Type	Standard Area Width
S	Buffers established per Woodinville Shoreline Master Program (SMP)
F	140 feet
Np	70 feet
Ns	50 feet

(ii) Measurement. The outer edge of the stream buffer shall be delineated through a survey and field investigation by a qualified professional.

(iii) Increased Widths. An increased buffer shall be required in accordance with the recommendations of a qualified professional and the best available science in the following circumstances:

(A) Where the standard width is insufficient to prevent habitat degradation and to protect the structure and functions of the habitat area;

(B) Where the frequently flooded area exceeds the standard stream buffer, the width shall extend to the outer edge of the frequently flooded area;

(C) Where the channel migration zone exceeds the standard stream buffer, the width shall extend to the outer edge of the channel migration zone; or

(D) The habitat area is in an area of high blow-down potential, the stream buffer shall be expanded an additional 50 feet on the windward side.

(iv) Urban Stream Designation. The City may approve further decreases to buffer widths on streams designated as “urban” in accordance with the recommendations of a qualified professional biologist and the best available science on a case-by-case basis. No buffer shall be reduced on a stream designated as “urban” to less than 50 feet wide unless the stream is not used by fish whereas the minimum buffer will be 35 feet. Stream enhancement measures shall be required to improve overall stream function. The City may designate a stream as “urban” if all of the following criteria are met:

(A) The stream is not a Type S stream;

(B) The stream has degraded channel conditions (e.g., presence of piping, sedimentation, channelization, etc.);

(D) The portion of the buffer affecting the subject property or development is located within the CBD, GB, or I zones;

(E) Stream enhancement shall be sufficient to protect stream buffer functions and values based on site-specific characteristics and must include enhancement measures implemented to provide a net improvement in overall stream and buffer function and value.

(2) Buffer Averaging. The minimum buffer width may be averaged in accordance with an approved critical areas report using the best available science and any management recommendations issued by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Averaging of buffer widths may only be allowed if all of the following criteria are met:

(a) It will provide additional protection to the fish and wildlife habitat conservation area and result in a net improvement of the habitat functions and values;

(b) It will not adversely affect salmonid habitat;

(d) It will provide additional natural resource protection, such as buffer enhancement;

(e) The total area contained in the buffer area after averaging is no less than that which would be contained within the standard buffer;

(f) The proposal includes revegetation and restoration of the averaged buffer using native plants; and

(g) Buffer averaging is not used in conjunction with a stream buffer reduction or urban stream designation.

(3) Building Setback. A minimum 10-foot building setback shall be required from the edge of the buffer for any building or structure to ensure adequate distance for maintenance and repair without encroaching into the buffers. Trails, sidewalks, or stormwater facilities may be located in the building setback as long as access for maintenance will not result in adverse impacts to the buffer.

(4) Protection. Whenever activities are proposed in or adjacent to a habitat conservation area with which State or Federally endangered or threatened species have a primary association, such area shall be protected through the application of measures in accordance with a critical areas report and approved by the City and guidance provided by the appropriate State and Federal agencies.

(5) Special Conditions. Buffers shall also be subject to modifications under the following site conditions:

(a) Geologically Sensitive Areas. The buffer or abutting uplands include a geologically sensitive area. The buffer width shall be the greater of either the required buffer or 25 feet beyond the top of the hazard area;

(b) Wetlands. Any fish and wildlife habitat conservation area adjoined by a riparian wetland shall have the buffer required for the habitat conservation area involved or the buffer which applies to the wetland, whichever is greater; or

(c) Other Critical Areas. If the habitat conservation area buffer is located adjacent to other critical areas, a larger buffer shall be required to protect other critical areas in accordance to the recommendations of a qualified professional and best available science.

(6) Signage and Fencing. Temporary and permanent signs and fencing shall be installed along the outer boundary of the fish and wildlife habitat conservation area buffer in accordance with WMC 21.51.140.

(7) Livestock. Property owners shall implement a farm conservation plan per King Conservation District or best management practice standards to protect and enhance water quality.

(8) Seasonal Restrictions. When a species is more susceptible to adverse impacts during specific periods of the year, as determined by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, seasonal restrictions may apply. Larger buffers may be required and activities may be further restricted during the specified season. (Ord. 737 § 23, 2022; Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.420 Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas – Permitted activities.

(1) Approval of Activities. The City shall condition approvals of activities allowed within or adjacent to a habitat conservation area or its buffers as necessary to minimize or mitigate any potential adverse impacts. Conditions shall be based on the best available science and may include, but are not limited to, the following:

(a) Establishment of buffer zones;

(b) Preservation of critically important vegetation and/or habitat features such as snags and downed wood;

(d) Seasonal restriction of construction activities;

(e) Establishment of a duration and timetable for periodic review of mitigation activities; and

(f) Requirement of a performance bond, when necessary, to ensure completion and success of proposed mitigation.

(2) Hazardous Substances. The use of hazardous substances, pesticides, and fertilizers in the stream and its buffer is prohibited.

(3) Nonnative Species. The introduction of any plant, wildlife, or fish species not indigenous to the region shall be prohibited from fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas unless authorized by a State or Federal permit or approval.

(4) Alterations. Alterations to fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas and their buffers, except for in-stream environments, may be allowed in addition to those established in WMC 21.51.040 and 21.51.050. Where applicable, activities and uses shall also be subject to the Woodinville Shoreline Master Program (SMP).

(a) Utilities. Utilities may be allowed within fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas if:

(i) No practical alternative location is available;

(ii) The requirements for sewer utility corridors in WMC 21.51.320 are met;

(iii) Joint use of an approved utility corridor by more than one utility may be allowed; and

(iv) The utility corridor meets the provisions of Policies U-1.5 and U-1.8 of the City of Woodinville Comprehensive Plan.

(b) Surface Water Management Activities and Facilities. The following may be allowed within fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas as follows:

(i) Surface water discharge to a stream from a detention facility, presettlement pond or other surface water management activity or facility may be allowed if the discharge is in compliance with the City’s adopted surface water design manual;

(ii) Stormwater Management Facilities. Grass-lined swales and dispersal trenches may be located in the outer 25 percent of the buffer area. All other surface water management facilities are not allowed within the buffer area.

(i) Trail surface shall not be made of impervious materials, except that public multipurpose trails may be made of impervious materials if they meet all other requirements including water quality and quantity; and

(ii) Buffers shall be expanded, where possible, equal to the width of the trail corridor including disturbed areas.

(5) The following shall apply for areas with endangered or threatened species:

(a) No development shall be allowed within a habitat conservation area or its buffer with which State or Federally endangered, threatened, or sensitive species have a primary association, except that which is provided for by a management plan established by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife or applicable State or Federal agency.

(i) Areas shall be protected through the application of protection measures in accordance with a critical areas report prepared by a qualified professional and approved by the City.

(ii) Approval for alteration of land adjacent to the habitat conservation area or its buffer shall not occur prior to consultation with the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife for animal species and the Washington Department of Natural Resources for plant species and other appropriate Federal or State agency.

(b) Bald Eagle Habitat.

(i) Bald eagle habitat shall be protected pursuant to the Washington State Bald Eagle Protection Rules (WAC 232-12-292) and the Federal Bald Eagle Protection Act.

(ii) Whenever activities are proposed within 800 feet of a verified nest territory or communal roost or within a quarter-mile of a shoreline foraging area, a critical areas report shall be developed by a qualified professional.

(iii) The applicant shall consult with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to determine if a permit is required.

(iv) The City shall verify the location of eagle management areas for each proposed activity.

(i) A buffer equal to the distance of 820 feet radius measured from the outermost nest tree in the rookery will be established around an active rookery. This area will be maintained in native vegetation.

(ii) Between January 1st and July 31st, no clearing, grading or land disturbing activity shall be allowed within 900 feet of the rookery, unless approved by the City and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

(iii) Approval of all activities requiring permits shall not occur within 900 feet of a heron rookery prior to the approval of a critical areas report by the City and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

(d) Anadromous Fish.

(i) All activities, uses, and alterations proposed to be located in water bodies used by anadromous fish or in areas that affect such water bodies shall give special consideration to the preservation and enhancement of anadromous fish habitat, including, but not limited to, the following standards:

(A) Activities shall be timed to occur only during the allowable work window as designated by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife for the applicable species;

(B) An alternative alignment or location for the activity is not feasible;

(C) The activity is designed so that it will not degrade the functions or values of the fish habitat or other critical areas;

(D) Shoreline erosion control measures shall be designed to use bioengineering methods or soft armoring techniques, according to an approved critical areas report; and

(E) Any impacts to the functions or values of the habitat conservation area are mitigated in accordance with an approved critical areas report.

(ii) Structures that prevent the migration of salmonids shall not be allowed in the portion of water bodies currently or historically used by anadromous fish. Fish bypass facilities shall be provided that allow the upstream migration of adult fish and shall prevent fry and juveniles migrating downstream from being trapped or harmed.

(iii) Fills, when authorized pursuant to the City of Woodinville’s Shoreline Management Master Program, shall not adversely impact anadromous fish or their habitat or shall mitigate any unavoidable impacts, and shall only be allowed for a water-dependent use.

(6) Alterations to streams and their buffers may be allowed in addition to those established in WMC 21.51.040 and the Woodinville Shoreline Master Program for Type S streams, as follows:

(a) Existing Roads. Widening of existing roads may be allowed on the outer 25 percent of the buffer area if:

(i) There is no practical alternative access with less adverse environmental impact;

(ii) The proposal minimizes impact to the stream and provides mitigation for unavoidable impacts through restoration, enhancement, or replacement of disturbed areas;

(iii) The proposal does not change the overall stream hydrology;

(iv) The proposal does not diminish the flood storage capacity of the stream;

(v) The proposal is constructed during summer low water periods; and

(vi) The proposal is the minimum size or length necessary to provide access.

(b) Stream Crossings. The use of existing crossings, including but not limited to utility corridors, road and railroad rights-of-way, across streams or buffers for public or private trails is preferred to new crossings. Stream crossings may be allowed if:

(i) All crossings use bridges or other construction techniques in accordance with best management practices which do not disturb the stream bed or bank, except that bottomless culverts or other appropriate methods demonstrated to provide fisheries protection may be used for Type F or Np streams if the applicant demonstrates that such methods and their implementation will pose no harm to the stream or inhibit migration of fish;

(ii) All crossings are constructed during the summer low flow and are timed to avoid stream disturbance during periods when use is critical to resident or anadromous fish including salmonids;

(iii) Crossings do not occur over resident or anadromous fish spawning areas unless the City determines that no other possible crossing site exists;

(iv) Bridge piers or abutments are not placed within the FEMA floodway or the ordinary high water mark;

(v) Crossings do not diminish the flood-carrying capacity of the stream;

(vi) Underground utility crossings are laterally drilled and located at a depth of four feet below the maximum depth of scour for the base flood predicted by a civil engineer licensed by the State of Washington; and

(vii) The number of crossings is minimized and consolidated to serve multiple purposes and properties whenever possible.

(i) Type F, Np, and Ns streams as part of a public road project for which a public agency and utility exception is granted pursuant to WMC 21.51.060;

(ii) Type F, Np, and Ns streams for the purpose of enhancing or restoring resources in the stream if:

(A) Appropriate floodplain protection measures are used;

(B) The relocation occurs on the site, except that relocation off the site may be allowed if the applicant demonstrates that any on-site relocation is impracticable, the applicant provides all necessary easements and waivers from affected property owners and the off-site location is in the same drainage sub-basin as the original stream; and

(iii) Relocations are constructed during the summer low flow and are timed to avoid stream disturbance during periods when use is critical to resident or anadromous fish including salmonids;

(iv) Streams shall not be relocated solely for development purposes;

(v) The applicant shall demonstrate, based on information provided by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist, that:

(A) Equivalent base flood storage volume and function will be maintained;

(B) No adverse impact to local ground water will occur;

(D) No increase in the sediment load will occur upstream or downstream;

(E) Requirements set out in the mitigation plan are met;

(F) Relocation conforms to other applicable laws; and

(G) All work will be carried out under the direct supervision of a qualified biologist; and

(vi) The applicant shall obtain all required State and Federal permits and authorization prior to conducting site work.

(d) Stream Channel Stabilization. A stream channel may be stabilized if:

(i) Movement of the stream channel threatens existing residential or commercial structures, public facilities or improvements, unique natural resources or the only existing access to property;

(ii) Stabilization is done in compliance with the requirements of WMC 21.51.350 through 21.51.380; and

(iii) Soft-bank stabilization techniques are utilized unless the applicant demonstrates that soft-bank techniques are not a reasonable alternative due to site-specific soil, geologic and/or hydrologic conditions.

(e) Enhancements. Stream enhancement not associated with any other development proposal may be allowed if accomplished according to a plan for its design, implementation, maintenance, and monitoring prepared by a civil engineer and a qualified biologist and carried out under the direct supervision of a qualified biologist pursuant to provisions of this chapter.

(f) Stream Restoration. A minor stream restoration project for fish habitat enhancement may be allowed if the restoration is:

(i) Sponsored or approved by a public agency with a mandate to do such work;

(ii) Not associated with mitigation of a specific development proposal;

(iii) Limited to placement of rock weirs, log controls, spawning gravel, culvert replacement and other specific habitat improvements for resident and anadromous fish including salmonid;

(iv) Involves the use of hand labor and light equipment; and/or the use of helicopters and cranes that deliver supplies to the project site; provided, that they have no contact with critical areas or their buffers; and

(v) Performed under the direct supervision of a qualified biologist. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.430 Fish and wildlife habitat conservation area – Critical areas report additional requirements.

(1) In addition to the general critical areas report requirements of WMC 21.51.110, critical areas reports for fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas shall include the following information:

(a) Prepared by a Qualified Professional. The critical areas report shall be prepared by a wildlife, stream or wetland biologist or scientist. The qualified professional shall have a minimum of five years of experience in the field and experience in preparing reports for fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas.

(b) Areas Addressed in Critical Areas Report. The following areas shall be addressed in a critical areas report for habitat conservation areas:

(i) The project area of the proposed activity;

(ii) All habitat conservation areas and recommended buffers within 200 feet of the project area; and

(iii) All shoreline areas, floodplains, other critical areas, and related buffers within 200 feet of the project area.

(c) Habitat Assessment. The report shall include an assessment of the presence or absence of potential critical fish or wildlife habitat. A habitat assessment shall include the following information:

(i) Extent of fish and wildlife habitat areas and required buffers;

(ii) Existing habitat area acreage;

(iii) Vegetative, faunal, and hydrologic characteristics;

(iv) Identification of species of local importance, priority species, or endangered, threatened, sensitive, or candidate species that have a primary association with habitat on or adjacent to the project area;

(v) Assessment of potential project impacts to the use of the site by the species;

(vi) A discussion of any Federal, State, or local special management recommendations, including Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife habitat management recommendations, that have been developed for species or habitats located on or adjacent to the project area; and

(vii) A detailed discussion of the direct and indirect potential impacts on habitat by the project, including potential impacts to water quality.

(d) Proposed Mitigation. If required, a mitigation plan consistent with WMC 21.51.120 and 21.51.440. The mitigation plan shall include a written assessment and accompanying maps of the mitigation area, including the following information at a minimum:

(i) Prohibition or limitation of development activities within the fish and wildlife habitat conservation area;

(ii) Establishment of a buffer around the fish and wildlife habitat conservation area;

(iii) Retention of certain vegetation or areas of vegetation critically important to the listed species;

(iv) Limitation of access to the fish and wildlife habitat conservation area and buffer;

(v) Seasonal restrictions on construction activities on the subject property;

(vi) Clustering of development on the subject property as appropriate; and

(vii) Preservation or creation of a habitat area for the listed species.

(e) Habitat Management. When appropriate due to the type of habitat or species present or the project area conditions, the City may also require a habitat management plan to include:

(i) A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect habitat after the project site has been developed, including proposed monitoring and maintenance programs;

(ii) An evaluation by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, affected tribes, or other qualified expert regarding the applicant’s analysis and the effectiveness of any proposed mitigating measures or programs, to include any recommendations as appropriate; and

(iii) A request for consultation with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, affected tribes or other appropriate agency; and

(iv) Detailed surface and subsurface hydrologic features both on and adjacent to the site. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.440 Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas – Mitigation.

(1) General. Mitigation of alterations to habitat conservation areas shall achieve equivalent or greater biologic functions and shall include mitigation for adverse impacts upstream or downstream of the development proposal site as appropriate. Mitigation shall be supported by best available science and address each function affected by the alteration to achieve functional equivalency or improvement on a per function basis. Mitigation should occur in the same sub-drainage basin as the habitat.

(2) Sites. Mitigation sites shall be located to achieve contiguous wildlife habitat corridors in accordance with a mitigation plan and habitat management plan to minimize the isolating effects of development on habitat areas. Mitigation of aquatic habitat shall be located within the same aquatic ecosystem as the area disturbed.

(3) Restoration. Restoration or mitigation shall be required as part of a development proposal whereby impacts, either direct or indirect, to the habitat conservation area occur. Restoration shall also be required when a habitat conservation area or its buffer is altered in violation of law or without any specific permission or approval by the City. A mitigation plan for the restoration or mitigation, included as part of the critical areas report, shall demonstrate that:

(a) Habitat conservation area has been degraded and will not be further degraded by the restoration or mitigation activity;

(b) Restoration or mitigation will reliably and demonstrably improve the water quality and fish and wildlife habitat;

(c) Restoration or mitigation will result in no net loss and no significant adverse impact will occur to habitat functions; and

(d) On sites where nonnative vegetation was cleared, restoration shall include installation of native vegetation with a density equal to or greater than the predevelopment site conditions; and

(e) Restoration or mitigation will assist in stabilizing the stream channel.

(4) Stream Restoration and Mitigation. All restoration and/or mitigation projects for streams shall meet the following:

(a) All work shall be carried out under the direct supervision of a qualified biologist;

(b) Basin analysis shall be performed to determine hydrologic conditions;

(c) Natural channel dimensions shall be replicated including its depth, width, length, and gradient at the original location, and the original horizontal alignment (meander lengths) shall be replaced;

(d) Identical or similar materials shall be used to restore the stream bottom;

(e) Bank and buffer configuration shall be restored to its original condition;

(f) Channel, bank and buffer areas shall be replanted with native vegetation which replicates the original vegetation in species, sizes and densities; and

(g) Preexisting biologic functions of the stream shall be recreated.

(5) Stream Replacement or Enhancement. Replacement or enhancement for approved stream or buffer alterations shall be accomplished in streams and on the site unless the applicant demonstrates that:

(a) Enhancement or replacement on the site is not possible or on-site opportunities do not have a high likelihood of success due to development pressures, adjacent land uses, or on-site buffers or connectivity are inadequate;

(b) Off-site location is in the same drainage sub-basin as the original stream; and

(6) Surface Water Management. Surface water management or flood control alterations shall not be considered enhancement unless other functions are simultaneously improved.

(7) Daylighting. Daylighting a stream is encouraged when redeveloping. The Director may modify the requirements pertaining to aquatic areas and their buffers when locating or daylighting a stream.

(8) Monitoring and Maintenance. Mitigation sites shall be monitored and maintained consistent with WMC 21.51.130. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.450 City Development Services Director to administer.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.460 Development permit required.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.470 Duties of the City Development Services Director.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.480 Flood variance procedure.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)

21.51.490 Conditions for flood variances.

Repealed by Ord. 699. (Ord. 611 § 8 (Att. A), 2016)