Chapter 3.40 UTILITY USERS’ TAX

“Ancillary telecommunication services” means services that are associated with or incidental to the provision, use or enjoyment of telecommunications services, including but not limited to the following services:

1. “Conference bridging service” means an ancillary service that links two or more participants of an audio or video conference call and may include the provision of a telephone number. “Conference bridging service” does not include the telecommunications services used to reach the conference bridge.

2. “Detailed telecommunications billing service” means an ancillary service of separately stating information pertaining to individual calls on a customer’s billing statement.

3. “Directory assistance” means an ancillary service of providing telephone number information, and/or address information.

4. “Vertical service” means an ancillary service that is offered in connection with one or more telecommunications services, which offers advanced calling features that allow customers to identify callers and to manage multiple calls and call connections, including conference bridging services.

5. “Voice mail service” means an ancillary service that enables the customer to store, send or receive recorded messages. Voice mail service does not include any vertical services that the customer may be required to have in order to utilize the voice mail service.

“Ancillary video services” means services that are associated with or incidental to the provision or delivery of video services, including but not limited to electronic program guide services, search functions, recording services, or other interactive services or communications that are associated with or incidental to the provision, use or enjoyment of video services.

“Billing address” shall mean the mailing address of the service user where the service supplier submits invoices or bills for payment by the customer.

“City” shall mean the city of Rancho Cordova.

“Gas” shall mean natural or manufactured gas or any alternate hydrocarbon fuel which may be substituted therefor.

“Mobile telecommunications service” has the meaning and usage as set forth in the Mobile Telecommunications Sourcing Act (4 U.S.C. 124) and the regulations thereunder.

“Month” shall mean a calendar month.

“Nonutility service supplier” means:

1. A service supplier, other than a supplier of electric distribution services to all or a significant portion of the city, which generates electricity for sale to others, and shall include but is not limited to any publicly owned electric utility, investor-owned utility, cogenerator, distributed generation provider, exempt wholesale generator (15 U.S.C. 79z-5a), municipal utility district, federal power marketing agency, electric rural cooperative, or other supplier or seller of electricity;

2. An electric service provider (ESP), electricity broker, marketer, aggregator, pool operator, or other electricity supplier other than a supplier of electric distribution services to all or a significant portion of the city, which sells or supplies electricity or supplemental services to electricity users within the city; or

3. A gas service supplier, aggregator, marketer or broker, other than a supplier of gas distribution services to all or a significant portion of the city, which sells or supplies gas or supplemental services to gas users within the city.

“Paging service” means a “telecommunications service” that provides transmission of coded radio signals for the purpose of activating specific pagers; such transmissions may include messages and/or sounds.

“Person” shall mean, without limitation, any natural individual, firm, trust, common law trust, estate, partnership of any kind, association, syndicate, club, joint stock company, joint venture, limited liability company, corporation (including foreign, domestic, and nonprofit), municipal district or municipal corporation (other than the city), cooperative, receiver, trustee, guardian, or other representative appointed by order of any court.

“Place of primary use” means the street address representative of where the customer’s use of the telecommunications service primarily occurs, which must be the residential street address or the primary business street address of the customer.

“Post-paid telecommunication service” means the telecommunication service obtained by making a payment on a telecommunication-by-telecommunication basis either through the use of a credit card or payment mechanism such as a bank card, travel card, credit card, or debit card, or by charge made to a service number which is not associated with the origination or termination of the telecommunication service.

“Prepaid telecommunication service” means the right to access telecommunication services, which must be paid for in advance and which enables the origination of telecommunications using an access number or authorization code, whether manually or electronically dialed, and that is sold in predetermined units or dollars of which the number declines with use in a known amount.

“Private telecommunication service” means a telecommunication service that entitles the customer to exclusive or priority use of a telecommunications channel or group of channels between or among termination points, regardless of the manner in which such channel or channels are connected, and includes switching capacity, extension lines, stations, and any other associated services that are provided in connection with the use of such channel or channels. A telecommunications channel is a physical or virtual path of telecommunications over which signals are transmitted between or among customer channel termination points (i.e., the location where the customer either inputs or receives the telecommunications).

“Service address” shall mean the residential street address or the business street address of the service user. For a telecommunication or video service user, “service address” means either:

1. The location of the service user’s telecommunication or video equipment from which the communication originates or terminates, regardless of where the communication is billed or paid; or

2. If the location in subsection (1) of this definition is unknown (e.g., mobile telecommunications service or VoIP service), the “service address” shall mean the location of the service user’s place of primary use.

3. For prepaid telecommunication service, “service address” shall mean the location associated with the service number, or if unknown, the point of sale of the services.

“Service supplier” shall mean any entity or person, including the city, that provides telecommunication or video service to a user of such service within the city.

“Service user” shall mean a person required to pay a tax imposed under the provisions of this chapter.

“State” shall mean the state of California.

“Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement” shall mean the multistate agreement commonly known and referred to as the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement, and as it is amended from time to time.

“Tax administrator” means the finance director of the city or his or her designee.

“Telecommunications services” means the transmission, conveyance, or routing of voice, data, audio, video, or any other information or signals to a point, or between or among points, whatever the technology used. The term “telecommunications services” includes such transmission, conveyance, or routing in which computer processing applications are used to act on the form, code or protocol of the content for purposes of transmission, conveyance or routing without regard to whether such services are referred to as voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) services or are classified by the Federal Telecommunications Commission as enhanced or value added, and includes video and/or data services that are functionally integrated with telecommunication services. Telecommunications services include but are not limited to the following services, regardless of the manner or basis on which such services are calculated or billed: ancillary telecommunication services; intrastate, interstate, and international telecommunication services; mobile telecommunications service; prepaid telecommunication service; post-paid telecommunication service; private telecommunication service; paging service; 800 service (or any other toll-free numbers designated by the Federal Communications Commission); 900 service (or any other similar numbers designated by the Federal Communications Commission for services whereby subscribers call in to pre-recorded or live service).

“Video programming” means those programming services commonly provided to subscribers by a video service supplier including but not limited to basic services, premium services, audio services, video games, pay-per-view services, video on demand, origination programming, or any other similar services, regardless of the content of such video programming, or the technology used to deliver such services, and regardless of the manner or basis on which such services are calculated or billed.

“Video service supplier” means any person, company, or service which provides or sells one or more channels of video programming, or provides or sells the capability to receive one or more channels of video programming, including any telecommunications that are ancillary, necessary or common to the provision, use or enjoyment of the video programming, to or from a business or residential address in the city, where some fee is paid, whether directly or included in dues or rental charges for that service, whether or not public rights-of-way are utilized in the delivery of the video programming or telecommunications. A “video service supplier” includes, but is not limited to, multichannel video programming distributors (as defined in 47 U.S.C. 522(13)); open video systems (OVS) suppliers; and suppliers of cable television; master antenna television; satellite master antenna television; multichannel multipoint distribution services (MMDS); video services using Internet protocol (e.g., IP-TV and IP-Video, which provide, among other things, broadcasting and video on demand), direct broadcast satellite to the extent federal law permits taxation of its video services, now or in the future; and other suppliers of video services (including two-way communications), whatever their technology.

“Video services” means video programming and any and all services related to the providing, recording, delivering, use or enjoyment of video programming (including origination programming and programming using Internet protocol, e.g., IP-TV and IP-Video) using one or more channels by a video service supplier, regardless of the technology used to deliver, store or provide such services, and regardless of the manner or basis on which such services are calculated or billed, and includes ancillary video services, data services, telecommunication services, or interactive communication services that are functionally integrated with video services.

“VoIP (voice over Internet protocol)” means the digital process of making and receiving real-time voice transmissions over any Internet protocol network.

“800 service” means a telecommunications service that allows a caller to dial a toll-free number without incurring a charge for the call. The service is typically marketed under the name “800,” “855,” “866,” “877,” and “888” toll-free calling, and any subsequent numbers designated by the Federal Communications Commission.

“900 service” means an inbound toll telecommunications service purchased by a subscriber that allows the subscriber’s customers to call in to the subscriber’s prerecorded announcement or live service. “900 service” does not include the charge for: collection services provided by the seller of the telecommunications services to the subscriber, or service or product sold by the subscriber to the subscriber’s customer. The service is typically marketed under the name “900 service,” and any subsequent numbers designated by the Federal Communications Commission. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.030 Constitutional, statutory and other exemptions.

A. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as imposing a tax upon any person or service when the imposition of such tax upon such person or service would be in violation of a federal or state statute, the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the state.

B. Any service user that is exempt from the tax imposed by this chapter pursuant to subsection (A) of this section of this section shall file an application with the tax administrator for an exemption; provided, however, this requirement shall not apply to a service user that is a state or federal agency or subdivision with a commonly recognized name for such service. Said application shall be made upon a form approved by the tax administrator and shall state those facts, declared under penalty of perjury, which qualify the applicant for an exemption, and shall include the names of all utility service suppliers serving that service user. If deemed exempt by the tax administrator, such service user shall give the tax administrator timely written notice of any change in utility service suppliers so that the tax administrator can properly notify the new utility service supplier of the service users’ tax exempt status. A service user that fails to comply with this section shall not be entitled to a refund of utility users’ taxes collected and remitted to the tax administrator from such service user as a result of such noncompliance.

The decision of the tax administrator may be appealed pursuant to RCMC 3.40.200. Filing an application with the tax administrator and appeal to the chief executive officer pursuant to RCMC 3.40.200 is a prerequisite to a suit thereon.

The city council may, by resolution, establish one or more classes of persons or one or more classes of utility service otherwise subject to payment of a tax imposed by this chapter and provide that such classes of persons or service shall be exempt, in whole or in part, from such tax for a specified period of time. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.040 Telecommunication users’ tax.

A. There is hereby imposed a tax upon every person in the city using telecommunication services. The tax imposed by this section shall be at the rate of two and one-half percent of the charges made for such services and shall be collected from the service user by the telecommunication services supplier or its billing agent. There is a rebuttable presumption that telecommunication services which are billed to a billing or service address in the city are used, in whole or in part, within the city’s boundaries, and such services are subject to taxation under this chapter. There is also a rebuttable presumption that prepaid telecommunication services sold within the city are used, in whole or in part, within the city and are therefore subject to taxation under this chapter. If the billing address of the service user is different from the service address, the service address of the service user shall be used for purposes of imposing the tax. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall include the value of any other services, credits, property of every kind or nature, or other consideration provided by the service user in exchange for the telecommunication services.

B. Mobile telecommunications service shall be sourced in accordance with the sourcing rules set forth in the Mobile Telecommunications Sourcing Act (4 U.S.C. 124). The tax administrator may issue and disseminate to telecommunication service suppliers which are subject to the tax collection requirements of this chapter sourcing rules for the taxation of other telecommunication services, including but not limited to post-paid telecommunication services, prepaid telecommunication services, VoIP, and private communication services; provided, that such rules are based upon custom and common practice that further administrative efficiency and minimize multijurisdictional taxation (e.g., Streamline Sales and Use Tax Agreement).

C. The tax administrator may issue and disseminate to telecommunication service suppliers which are subject to the tax collection requirements of this chapter an administrative ruling identifying those telecommunication services, or charges therefor, that are subject to or not subject to the tax of subsection (A) of this section.

D. As used in this section, the term “telecommunication services” shall include but is not limited to charges for: connection, reconnection, termination, movement, or change of telecommunication services; late payment fees; detailed billing; central office and custom calling features (including but not limited to call waiting, call forwarding, caller identification and three-way calling); voice mail and other messaging services; directory assistance; access and line charges; universal service charges; regulatory, administrative and other cost recovery charges; local number portability charges; and text and instant messaging. “Telecommunication services” shall not include digital downloads that are not ancillary telecommunications services, such as books, music, ringtones, games, and similar digital products.

E. To prevent actual multijurisdictional taxation of telecommunication services subject to tax under this section, any service user, upon proof to the tax administrator that the service user has previously paid the same tax in another state or local jurisdiction on such telecommunication services, shall be allowed a credit against the tax imposed to the extent of the amount of such tax legally imposed in such other state or local jurisdiction; provided, however, the amount of credit shall not exceed the tax owed to the city under this section.

F. The tax on telecommunication services imposed by this section shall be collected from the service user by the service supplier. The amount of tax collected in one month shall be remitted to the tax administrator and must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.050 Video users’ tax.

A. There is hereby imposed a tax upon every person in the city using video services. The tax imposed by this section shall be at the rate of two and one-half percent of the charges made for such services and shall be collected from the service user by the video service supplier or its billing agent. There is a rebuttable presumption that video services which are billed to a billing or service address in the city are used, in whole or in part, within the city’s boundaries, and such services are subject to taxation under this chapter. If the billing address of the service user is different from the service address, the service address of the service user shall be used for purposes of imposing the tax.

B. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall include, but is not limited to, charges for the following:

1. Regulatory fees and surcharges, franchise fees and access fees (PEG);

2. Initial installation of equipment necessary for provision and receipt of video services;

3. Late fees, collection fees, bad debt recoveries, and return check fees;

4. Activation fees, reactivation fees, and reconnection fees;

5. Video programming and video services;

6. Ancillary video programming services (e.g., electronic program guide services, search functions, recording functions, or other interactive services or communications that are ancillary, necessary or common to the use or enjoyment of the video services);

7. Equipment leases (e.g., remote, recording and/or search devices; converters); and

8. Service calls, service protection plans, name changes, changes of services, and special services.

C. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall include the value of any other services, credits, property of every kind or nature, or other consideration provided by the service user in exchange for the video services.

D. The tax administrator may issue and disseminate to video service suppliers which are subject to the tax collection requirements of this chapter an administrative ruling identifying those video services, or charges therefor, that are subject to or not subject to the tax of subsection (A) of this section.

E. The tax imposed by this section shall be collected from the service user by the video service supplier, its billing agent, or a reseller of such services. In the case of video service, the service user shall be deemed to be the purchaser of the bulk video service (e.g., an apartment owner), unless such service is resold to individual users, in which case the service user shall be the ultimate purchaser of the video service. The amount of tax collected in one month shall be remitted to the tax administrator and must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.060 Electricity users’ tax.

A. There is hereby imposed a tax upon every person using electricity in the city. The tax imposed by this section shall be at the rate of two and one-half percent of the charges made for such electricity, and for any supplemental services or other associated activities directly related to and/or necessary for the provision of electricity to the service user, which are provided by a service supplier or nonutility service supplier to a service user. The tax shall be collected from the service user by the service supplier or nonutility service supplier, or its billing agent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the first $45.00 in total monthly charges made for electrical energy to a residential service user shall be exempt from the tax levied by this section.

B. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall apply to all services, components and items that are: (1) necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of electric service; or (2) currently are or historically have been included in a single or bundled rate for electric service by a local distribution company to a class of retail customers. The term “charges” shall include, but is not limited to, the following charges:

1. Energy charges;

2. Distribution or transmission charges;

3. Metering charges;

4. Standby, reserves, firming, ramping, voltage support, regulation, emergency, or other similar charges for supplemental services to self-generation service users;

5. Customer charges, late charges, service establishment or reestablishment charges, demand charges, fuel or other cost adjustments, power exchange charges, independent system operator (ISO) charges, stranded investment or competitive transition charges (CTC), public purpose program charges, nuclear decommissioning charges, trust transfer amounts (bond financing charges), franchise fees, franchise surcharges, annual and monthly charges, and other charges, fees or surcharges which are necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of electric service; and

6. Charges, fees, or surcharges for electricity services or programs which are mandated by the California Public Utilities Commission or the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, whether or not such charges, fees, or surcharges appear on a bundled or line item basis on the customer billing.

D. The tax administrator, from time to time, may survey the electric service suppliers to identify the various unbundled billing components of electric retail service that they commonly provide to residential and commercial/industrial customers in the city, and the charges therefor, including those items that are mandated by state or federal regulatory agencies as a condition of providing such electric service. The tax administrator, thereafter, may issue and disseminate to such electric service suppliers an administrative ruling identifying those components and items which are: (1) necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of electric service; or (2) currently are or historically have been included in a single or bundled rate for electric service by a local distribution company to a class of retail customers. Charges for such components and items shall be subject to the tax of subsection (A) of this section.

E. As used in this section, the term “using electricity” shall not include the mere receiving of such electricity by an electrical corporation or governmental agency at a point within the city for resale.

F. The tax on electricity provided by self-production or by a nonutility service supplier not under the jurisdiction of this chapter shall be collected and remitted in the manner set forth in RCMC 3.40.080. All other taxes on charges for electricity imposed by this section shall be collected from the service user by the electric service supplier or its billing agent. The amount of tax collected in one month shall be remitted to the tax administrator, and must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month; or, at the option of the person required to collect and/or remit the tax, such person shall remit an estimated amount of tax measured by the tax billed in the previous month or upon the payment pattern of the service user, which must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month; provided, that such person shall submit an adjusted payment or request for credit, as appropriate, within 60 days following each calendar quarter. The credit, if approved by the tax administrator, may be applied against any subsequent remittance that becomes due. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.070 Gas users’ tax.

A. There is hereby imposed a tax upon every person using gas in the city, which is transported and delivered through a pipeline or by mobile transport. The tax imposed by this section shall be at the rate of two and one-half percent of the charges made for such gas, including all services related to the storage, transportation and delivery of such gas. The tax shall be collected from the service user by the service supplier or nonutility service supplier, or its billing agent, and shall apply to all uses of gas, including, but not limited to, heating, electricity generation, and the use of gas as a component of a manufactured product. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the charges made for the baseline rate usage approved by the California Public Utilities Commission for gas furnished to a residential service user shall be exempt from the tax levied by this section.

B. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall apply to all services, components and items for gas service that are: (1) necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of gas service; or (2) currently are or historically have been included in a single or bundled rate for gas service by a local distribution company to a class of retail customers. The term “charges” shall include, but is not limited to, the following charges:

1. The commodity charges for purchased gas, or the cost of gas owned by the service user (including the actual costs attributed to drilling, production, lifting, storage, gathering, trunkline, pipeline, and other operating costs associated with the production and delivery of such gas), which is delivered through a gas pipeline distribution system;

2. Gas transportation charges (including interstate charges to the extent not included in commodity charges);

3. Storage charges; provided, however, that the service supplier shall not be required to apply the tax to any charges for gas storage services when the service supplier cannot, as a practical matter, determine the jurisdiction where such stored gas is ultimately used; but it shall be the obligation of the service user to self-collect the amount of tax not applied to any charge for gas storage by the service supplier and to remit the tax to the appropriate jurisdiction;

4. Capacity or demand charges, late charges, service establishment or reestablishment charges, transition charges, customer charges, minimum charges, annual and monthly charges, and any other charges which are necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of gas service; and

5. Charges, fees, or surcharges for gas services or programs which are mandated by the California Public Utilities Commission or the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, whether or not such charges, fees, or surcharges appear on a bundled or line item basis on the customer billing.

D. The tax administrator, from time to time, may survey the gas service suppliers to identify the various unbundled billing components of gas retail service that they commonly provide to residential and commercial/industrial customers in the city, and the charges therefor, including those items that are mandated by state or federal regulatory agencies as a condition of providing such gas service. The tax administrator, thereafter, may issue and disseminate to such gas service suppliers an administrative ruling identifying those components and items which are: (1) necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of gas service; or (2) currently are or historically have been included in a single or bundled rate for gas service by a local distribution company to a class of retail customers. Charges for such components and items shall be subject to the tax of subsection (A) of this section.

E. There shall be excluded from the calculation of the tax imposed in this section charges made for gas which is to be resold and delivered through a pipeline distribution system.

F. The tax on gas provided by self-production or by a nonutility service supplier not under the jurisdiction of this chapter shall be collected and remitted in the manner set forth in RCMC 3.40.080. All other taxes on charges for gas imposed by this section shall be collected from the service user by the gas service supplier or its billing agent. The amount of tax collected in one month shall be remitted to the tax administrator, and must be received by the tax administrator, on or before the twentieth day of the following month; or, at the option of the person required to collect and/or remit the tax, such person shall remit an estimated amount of tax measured by the tax billed in the previous month or upon the payment pattern of the service user, which must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month; provided, that such person shall submit an adjusted payment or request for credit, as appropriate, within 60 days following each calendar quarter. The credit, if approved by the tax administrator, may be applied against any subsequent remittance that becomes due. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.080 Collection of tax from service users receiving direct purchase of gas or electricity.

A. Any service user subject to the tax imposed by RCMC 3.40.060 or 3.40.070 which produces gas or electricity for self-use; which receives gas or electricity, including any related supplemental services, directly from a nonutility service supplier not under the jurisdiction of this chapter; or which, for any other reason, is not having the full tax collected and remitted by its service supplier, a nonutility service supplier, or its billing agent on the use of gas or electricity in the city, including any related supplemental services, shall report said fact to the tax administrator and shall remit the tax due directly to the tax administrator within 30 days of such use, based on the charges for, or value of, such gas or electricity, or supplemental services, as provided in subsection (B) of this section. In lieu of paying said actual tax, the service user may, at its option, remit to the tax administrator within 30 days of such use an estimated amount of tax measured by the tax billed in the previous month, or upon the payment pattern of similar customers of the service supplier using similar amounts of gas or electricity; provided, that the service user shall submit an adjusted payment or request for credit, as appropriate, within 60 days following each calendar quarter. The credit, if approved by the tax administrator in writing, may be applied against any subsequent tax bill that becomes due.

B. The tax administrator may require said service user to identify its nonutility service supplier, and otherwise provide, subject to audit: invoices; books of account; or other satisfactory evidence documenting the quantity of gas or electricity used, including any related supplemental services, and the cost or price thereof. If the service user is unable to provide such satisfactory evidence, or if the administrative cost of calculating the tax in the opinion of the tax administrator is excessive, the tax administrator may determine the tax by applying the tax rate to the equivalent charges the service user would have incurred if the gas or electricity used, including any related supplemental services, had been provided by the service supplier that is the primary supplier of gas or electricity within the city. Rate schedules for this purpose shall be available from the city. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.090 Sewer tax.

A. There is hereby imposed a tax upon every person in the city using sewer services within the city. The tax imposed by this section shall be at the rate of two and one-half percent of the charges made for such sewer service. The tax shall be paid by the person using such sewer service.

B. As used in this section, the term “charges” shall apply to all services, components and items that are: (1) necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of sewer service; or (2) currently are or historically have been included in a single or bundled rate for sewer service to retail customers. The term “charges” shall include, but is not limited to, the following charges:

1. Customer charges, late charges, service establishment or reestablishment charges, annual and monthly charges, and other charges, fees and surcharges which are necessary for or common to the receipt, use or enjoyment of sewer service; and

2. Charges, fees, or surcharges for sewer services or programs which are mandated by the city, a state or federal agency, whether or not such charges, fees, or surcharges appear on a bundled or line item basis on the customer billing.

C. The tax on sewer service imposed by this section shall be collected from the service user by the sewer service supplier or its billing agent. The amount of tax collected in one month shall be remitted to the tax administrator, and must be received by the tax administrator on or before the twentieth day of the following month. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.100 Bundling taxable items with nontaxable items.

If any nontaxable charges are combined with and not separately stated from taxable service charges on the customer bill or invoice of a service supplier, the combined charge is subject to tax unless the service supplier identifies, by reasonable and verifiable standards, the portions of the combined charge that are nontaxable and taxable through the service supplier’s books and records kept in the regular course of business, and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and not created and maintained for tax purposes. If the service supplier offers a combination of taxable and nontaxable services, and the charges are separately stated, then for taxation purposes, the values assigned the taxable and nontaxable services shall be based on its books and records kept in the regular course of business and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and not created and maintained for tax purposes. The service supplier has the burden of proving the proper valuation and apportionment of the taxable and nontaxable services. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.110 Substantial nexus/minimum contacts.

For purposes of imposing a tax or establishing a duty to collect and remit a tax under this chapter, substantial nexus and minimum contacts shall be construed broadly in favor of the imposition, collection and/or remittance of the utility users’ tax to the fullest extent permitted by state and federal law, and as it may change from time to time by judicial interpretation or by statutory enactment. Any telecommunication service (including VoIP) used by a person with a service address in the city which service is capable of terminating a call to another person on the general telephone network shall be subject to a rebuttable presumption that substantial nexus/minimum contacts exist for purposes of imposing a tax, or establishing a duty to collect and remit a tax, under this chapter. A service supplier shall be deemed to have sufficient activity in the city for tax collection and remittance purposes if its activities include, but are not limited to, any of the following: maintains or has within the city, directly or through an agent, affiliate, or subsidiary, a place of business of any nature; solicits business in the city by employees, independent contractors, resellers, agents or other representatives; solicits business in the city on a continuous, regular, seasonal or systematic basis by means of advertising that is broadcast or relayed from a transmitter within the city or distributed from a location within the city; or advertises in newspapers or other periodicals printed and published within the city or through materials distributed in the city by means other than the United States mail; or if there are activities performed in the city on behalf of the service supplier that are significantly associated with the service supplier’s ability to establish and maintain a market in the city for the provision of utility services that are subject to a tax under this chapter. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.120 Duty to collect – Procedures.

A. Collection by Service Suppliers. The duty of service suppliers to collect and remit the taxes imposed by the provisions of this chapter shall be performed as follows:

1. The tax shall be collected by service suppliers insofar as practicable at the same time as, and along with, the collection of the charges made in accordance with the regular billing practice of the service supplier. Where the amount paid by a service user to a service supplier is less than the full amount of the charge and tax which was accrued for the billing period, a proportionate share of both the charge and the tax shall be deemed to have been paid. In those cases where a service user has notified the service supplier of refusal to pay the tax imposed on said charges, RCMC 3.40.160 shall apply.

2. The duty of a service supplier to collect the tax from a service user shall commence with the beginning of the first regular billing period applicable to the service user where all charges normally included in such regular billing are subject to the provisions of this chapter. Where a service user receives more than one billing, one or more being for different periods than another, the duty to collect shall arise separately for each billing period.

B. Filing Return and Payment. Each person required by this chapter to remit a tax shall file a return to the tax administrator, on forms approved by the tax administrator, on or before the due date. The full amount of the tax collected shall be included with the return and filed with the tax administrator. The tax administrator is authorized to require such additional information as he or she deems necessary to determine if the tax is being levied, collected, and remitted in accordance with this chapter. Returns are due immediately upon cessation of business for any reason. Pursuant to Revenue and Tax Code Section 7284.6, the tax administrator, and its agents, shall maintain such filing returns as confidential information that is exempt from the disclosure provisions of the Public Records Act. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.130 Collection penalties – Service suppliers.

A. Taxes collected by a service supplier from a service user are delinquent if not received by the tax administrator on or before the due date. Should the due date occur on a weekend or legal holiday, the return must be received by the tax administrator on the first regular working day following the weekend or legal holiday. A direct deposit, including electronic fund transfers and other similar methods of electronically exchanging monies between financial accounts, made by a service supplier in satisfaction of its obligations under this subsection shall be considered timely if the transfer is initiated on or before the due date, and the transfer settles into the city’s account on the following business day.

B. If the person required to collect and/or remit the utility users’ tax fails to collect the tax (by failing to properly assess the tax on one or more services or charges on the customer’s billing) or fails to remit the tax collected on or before the due date, the tax administrator shall attach a penalty for such delinquencies or deficiencies at the rate of 15 percent of the total tax that is delinquent or deficient in the remittance, and shall pay interest at the rate of three-quarters of one percent per month, or any fraction thereof, on the amount of the tax, exclusive of penalties, from the date on which the remittance first became delinquent, until paid.

C. The tax administrator shall have the power to impose additional penalties upon persons required to collect and remit taxes pursuant to the provisions of this chapter for fraud or gross negligence in reporting or remitting at the rate of 15 percent of the amount of the tax collected and/or required to be remitted, or as recomputed by the tax administrator.

D. For collection purposes only, every penalty imposed and such interest that is accrued under the provisions of this section shall become a part of the tax herein required to be paid.

E. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the tax administrator may, in his or her discretion, modify the due dates of this chapter to be consistent with any uniform standards or procedures that are mutually agreed upon by other public agencies imposing a utility users’ tax, or otherwise legally established, to create a central payment location or mechanism. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.140 Actions to collect.

Any tax required to be paid by a service user under the provisions of this chapter shall be deemed a debt owed by the service user to the city. Any such tax collected from a service user which has not been remitted to the tax administrator shall be deemed a debt owed to the city by the person required to collect and remit and shall no longer be a debt of the service user. Any person owing money to the city under the provisions of this chapter shall be liable to an action brought in the name of the city for the recovery of such amount, including penalties and interest as provided for in this chapter, along with any collection costs incurred by the city as a result of the person’s noncompliance with this chapter, including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees. Any tax required to be collected by a service supplier or owed by a service user is an unsecured priority excise tax obligation under 11 U.S.C. 507A(8)(C). Service suppliers who seek to collect charges for service in bankruptcy proceedings shall also include in any such claim the amount of taxes due the city for those services, unless the tax administrator determines that such duty is in conflict with any federal or state law, rule, or regulation or that such action would be administratively impractical. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.150 Deficiency determination and assessment – Tax application errors.

A. The tax administrator shall make a deficiency determination if he or she determines that any service supplier or service user required to pay, collect, and/or remit taxes pursuant to the provisions of this chapter has failed to pay, collect, and/or remit the proper amount of tax by improperly or failing to apply the tax to one or more taxable services or charges. Nothing herein shall require that the tax administrator institute proceedings under this section if, in the opinion of the tax administrator, the cost of collection or enforcement likely outweighs the tax benefit.

B. The tax administrator shall mail a notice of such deficiency determination to the person or entity allegedly owing the tax, which notice shall refer briefly to the amount of the taxes owed, plus interest at the rate of three-quarters of one percent per month, or any fraction thereof, on the amount of the tax from the date on which the tax should have been received by the city. Within 14 calendar days after the date of service of such notice, the person or entity allegedly owing the tax may request in writing to the tax administrator for a hearing on the matter.

C. If the person or entity allegedly owing the tax fails to request a hearing within the prescribed time period, the amount of the deficiency determination shall become a final assessment, and shall immediately be due and owing to the city. If the person requests a hearing, the tax administrator shall cause the matter to be set for hearing, which shall be scheduled within 30 days after receipt of the written request for hearing. Notice of the time and place of the hearing shall be mailed by the tax administrator to such person or entity at least 10 calendar days prior to the hearing, and, if the tax administrator desires said person or entity to produce specific records at such hearing, such notice may designate the records requested to be produced.

D. At the time fixed for the hearing, the tax administrator shall hear all relevant testimony and evidence, including that of any other interested parties. At the discretion of the tax administrator, the hearing may be continued from time to time for the purpose of allowing the presentation of additional evidence. Within a reasonable time following the conclusion of the hearing, the tax administrator shall issue a final assessment (or nonassessment), thereafter, by confirming, modifying or rejecting the original deficiency determination, and shall mail a copy of such final assessment to the person or entity owing the tax. The decision of the tax administrator may be appealed pursuant to RCMC 3.40.200. Filing an application with the tax administrator and appeal to the chief executive officer pursuant to RCMC 3.40.200 is a prerequisite to a suit thereon.

E. Payment of the final assessment shall become delinquent if not received by the tax administrator on or before the thirtieth day following the date of receipt of the notice of final assessment. The penalty for delinquency shall be 15 percent on the total amount of the assessment, along with interest at the rate of three-quarters of one percent per month, or any fraction thereof, on the amount of the tax, exclusive of penalties, from the date of delinquency, until paid. The applicable statute of limitations regarding a claim by the city seeking payment of a tax assessed under this chapter shall commence from the date of delinquency as provided in this subsection (E).

F. All notices under this section may be sent by regular mail, postage prepaid, and shall be deemed received on the third calendar day following the date of mailing, as established by a proof of mailing. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.160 Administrative remedy – Nonpaying service users.

A. Whenever the tax administrator determines that a service user has deliberately withheld the amount of the tax owed by the service user from the amounts remitted to a person required to collect the tax, or whenever the tax administrator deems it in the best interest of the city, he or she may relieve such person of the obligation to collect the taxes due under this chapter from certain named service users for specific billing periods. To the extent the service user has failed to pay the amount of tax owed for a period of two or more billing periods, the service supplier shall be relieved of the obligation to collect taxes due. The service supplier shall provide the city with the names and addresses of such service users and the amounts of taxes owed under the provisions of this chapter. Nothing herein shall require that the tax administrator institute proceedings under this section if, in the opinion of the tax administrator, the cost of collection or enforcement likely outweighs the tax benefit.

B. In addition to the tax owed, the service user shall pay a delinquency penalty at the rate of 15 percent of the total tax that is owed, and shall pay interest at the rate of three-quarters of one percent per month, or any fraction thereof, on the amount of the tax, exclusive of penalties, from the due date, until paid.

C. The tax administrator shall notify the non-paying service user that the tax administrator has assumed the responsibility to collect the taxes due for the stated periods and demand payment of such taxes, including penalties and interest. The notice shall be served on the service user by personal delivery or by deposit of the notice in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the service user at the address to which billing was made by the person required to collect the tax; or, should the service user have a change of address, to his or her last known address.

D. If the service user fails to remit the tax to the tax administrator within 30 days from the date of the service of the notice upon him or her, the tax administrator may impose an additional penalty of 15 percent of the amount of the total tax that is owed. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.170 Additional powers and duties of the tax administrator.

A. The tax administrator shall have the power and duty to enforce each and all of the provisions of this chapter.

B. The tax administrator may adopt administrative rules and regulations consistent with provisions of this chapter for the purpose of interpreting, clarifying, carrying out and enforcing the payment, collection and remittance of the taxes herein imposed. A copy of such administrative rules and regulations shall be on file in the tax administrator’s office. To the extent that the tax administrator determines that the tax imposed under this chapter shall not be collected in full for any period of time from any particular service supplier or service user, that determination shall be considered an exercise of the tax administrator’s discretion to settle disputes and shall not constitute a change in taxing methodology for purposes of Government Code Section 53750 or otherwise. The tax administrator is not authorized to amend the city’s methodology for purposes of Government Code Section 53750 and the city does not waive or abrogate its ability to impose the utility users’ tax in full as a result of promulgating administrative rulings or entering into agreements.

C. Upon a proper showing of good cause, the tax administrator may make administrative agreements, with appropriate conditions, to vary from the strict requirements of this chapter and thereby: (1) conform to the billing procedures of a particular service supplier so long as said agreements result in the collection of the tax in conformance with the general purpose and scope of this chapter; or (2) to avoid a hardship where the administrative costs of collection and remittance greatly outweigh the tax benefit. A copy of each such agreement shall be on file in the tax administrator’s office, and is voidable by the tax administrator or the city at any time.

D. The tax administrator may conduct an audit, to ensure proper compliance with the requirements of this chapter, of any person required to collect and/or remit a tax pursuant to this chapter. The tax administrator shall notify said person of the initiation of an audit in writing. In the absence of fraud or other intentional misconduct, the audit period of review shall not exceed a period of three years next preceding the date of receipt of the written notice by said person from the tax administrator. Upon completion of the audit, the tax administrator may make a deficiency determination pursuant to RCMC 3.40.150 for all taxes (and applicable penalties and interest) owed and not paid, as evidenced by information provided by such person to the tax administrator. If said person is unable or unwilling to provide sufficient records to enable the tax administrator to verify compliance with this chapter, the tax administrator is authorized to make a reasonable estimate of the deficiency. Said reasonable estimate shall be entitled to a rebuttable presumption of correctness.

E. Upon receipt of a written request of a taxpayer, and for good cause, the tax administrator may extend the time for filing any statement required pursuant to this chapter for a period of not to exceed 45 days; provided, that the time for filing the required statement has not already passed when the request is received. No penalty for delinquent payment shall accrue by reason of such extension. Interest shall accrue during said extension at the rate of three-quarters of one percent per month, prorated for any portion thereof.

F. The tax administrator shall determine the eligibility of any person who asserts a right to exemption from, or a refund of, the tax imposed by this chapter.

G. Notwithstanding any provision in this chapter to the contrary, the tax administrator may waive any penalty or interest imposed upon a person required to collect and/or remit for failure to collect the tax imposed by this chapter if the noncollection occurred in good faith. In determining whether the noncollection was in good faith, the tax administrator shall take into consideration the uniqueness of the product or service, industry practice or other precedents. The tax administrator may also participate with other UUT public agencies in conducting coordinated compliance reviews with the goal of achieving administrative efficiency and uniform tax application determinations, where possible. To encourage full disclosure and ongoing cooperation on annual compliance reviews, the tax administrator and its agents may enter into agreements with the tax-collecting service providers and grant prospective only effect on any changes regarding the taxation of services or charges that were previously deemed by the service provider, in good faith and without gross negligence, to be nontaxable. In determining whether the noncollection was in good faith and without gross negligence, the tax administrator shall take into consideration the uniqueness of the product or service, industry practice or other precedents. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.180 Records.

A. It shall be the duty of every person required to collect and/or remit to the city any tax imposed by this chapter to keep and preserve, for a period of at least three years, all records as may be necessary to determine the amount of such tax as he/she may have been liable for the collection of and remittance to the tax administrator, which records the tax administrator shall have the right to inspect at a reasonable time.

B. The city, through the city council, may issue an administrative subpoena to compel a person to deliver to the tax administrator copies of all records deemed necessary by the tax administrator to establish compliance with this chapter, including the delivery of records in a common electronic format on readily available media if such records are kept electronically by the person in the usual and ordinary course of business. As an alternative to delivering the subpoenaed records to the tax administrator on or before the due date provided in the administrative subpoena, such person may provide access to such records outside the city on or before the due date; provided, that such person shall reimburse the city for all reasonable travel expenses incurred by the city to inspect those records, including travel, lodging, meals, and other similar expenses, but excluding the normal salary or hourly wages of those persons designated by the city to conduct the inspection.

C. The tax administrator is authorized to execute a nondisclosure agreement approved by the city attorney to protect the confidentiality of customer information pursuant to California Revenue and Tax Code Sections 7284.6 and 7284.7.

D. If a service supplier uses a billing agent or billing aggregator to bill, collect, and/or remit the tax, the service supplier shall: (1) provide to the tax administrator the name, address and telephone number of each billing agent and billing aggregator currently authorized by the service supplier to bill, collect, and/or remit the tax to the city; and (2) upon request of the tax administrator, deliver, or effect the delivery of, any information or records in the possession of such billing agent or billing aggregator that, in the opinion of the tax administrator, is necessary to verify the proper application, calculation, collection and/or remittance of such tax to the city.

E. If any person subject to record-keeping under this section unreasonably denies the tax administrator access to such records, or fails to produce the information requested in an administrative subpoena within the time specified, then the tax administrator may impose a penalty of $500.00 on such person for each day following: (1) the initial date that the person refuses to provide such access; or (2) the due date for production of records as set forth in the administrative subpoena. This penalty shall be in addition to any other penalty imposed under this chapter. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.190 Refunds.

Whenever the amount of any tax has been overpaid or paid more than once or has been erroneously or illegally collected or received by the tax administrator under this chapter from a service user or service supplier, it may be refunded as provided in this section.

A. The tax administrator may refund any tax that has been overpaid or paid more than once or has been erroneously or illegally collected or received by the tax administrator under this chapter from a service user or service supplier; provided, that no refund shall be paid under the provisions of this section unless the claimant or his or her guardian, conservator, executor, or administrator has submitted a written claim to the tax administrator within one year of the overpayment or erroneous or illegal collection of said tax. Such claim must clearly establish the claimant’s right to the refund by written records showing entitlement thereto. Nothing herein shall permit the filing of a claim on behalf of a class or group of taxpayers unless each member of the class has submitted a written claim under penalty of perjury as provided by this subsection. It is the intent of the city council that the one year written claim requirement of this subsection be given retroactive effect; provided, however, that any claims which arose prior to the commencement of the one-year claims period of this subsection, and which are not otherwise barred by a then-applicable statute of limitations or claims procedure, must be filed with the tax collector as provided in this subsection within 90 days following the effective date of the ordinance codified in this chapter.

B. The city manager, where the claim is less than the settlement authority established in RCMC 2.04.110, or the city council where the claim is in excess of that amount, shall act upon the refund claim within 45 days of the initial receipt of the refund claim. Said decision shall be final. If the city manager/city council fails or refuses to act on a refund claim within the 45-day period, the claim shall be deemed to have been rejected by the city manger/city council on the forty-fifth day. The tax administrator shall give notice of the action in a form which substantially complies with that set forth in California Government Code Section 913.

C. The filing of a written claim pursuant to California Government Code Section 935 is a prerequisite to any suit thereon. Any action brought against the city pursuant to this section shall be subject to the provisions of California Government Code Sections 945.6 and 946.

D. Notwithstanding the notice provisions of subsection (A) of this section, the tax administrator may, at his or her discretion, give written permission to a service supplier, who has collected and remitted any amount of tax in excess of the amount of tax imposed by this chapter, to claim credit for such overpayment against the amount of tax which is due the city upon a subsequent monthly return(s) to the tax administrator; provided, that: (1) such credit is claimed in a return dated no later than one year from the date of overpayment or erroneous collection of said tax; (2) the tax administrator is satisfied that the underlying basis and amount of such credit has been reasonably established; and (3) in the case of an overpayment by a service user to the service supplier that has been remitted to the city, the tax administrator has received proof, to his or her satisfaction, that the overpayment has been refunded by the service supplier to the service user in an amount equal to the requested credit. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.200 Appeals.

A. The provisions of this section apply to any decision (other than a decision relating to a refund pursuant to RCMC 3.40.190), deficiency determination, assessment, or administrative ruling of the tax administrator. Any person aggrieved by any decision (other than a decision relating to a refund pursuant to RCMC 3.40.190), deficiency determination, assessment, or administrative ruling of the tax administrator shall be required to comply with the appeals procedure of this section. Compliance with this section shall be a prerequisite to a suit thereon. (See Government Code Section 935(b).) Nothing herein shall permit the filing of a claim or action on behalf of a class or group of taxpayers.

B. If any person is aggrieved by any decision (other than a decision relating to a refund pursuant to RCMC 3.40.190), deficiency determination, assessment, or administrative ruling of the tax administrator, he or she may appeal to the city manager by filing a notice of appeal with the city clerk within 14 days of the date of the decision, deficiency determination, assessment, or administrative ruling of the tax administrator which aggrieved the service user or service supplier.

C. The matter shall be scheduled for hearing before an independent hearing officer selected by the city manager, no more than 30 days from the receipt of the appeal. The appellant shall be served with notice of the time and place of the hearing, as well as any relevant materials, at least five calendar days prior to the hearing. The hearing may be continued from time to time upon mutual consent. At the time of the hearing, the appealing party, the tax administrator, and any other interested person may present such relevant evidence as he or she may have relating to the determination from which the appeal is taken.

D. Based upon the submission of such evidence and the review of the city’s files, the hearing officer shall issue a written notice and order upholding, modifying or reversing the determination from which the appeal is taken. The notice shall be given within 14 days after the conclusion of the hearing and shall state the reasons for the decision. The notice shall specify that the decision is final and that any petition for judicial review shall be filed within 90 days from the date of the decision in accordance with Code of Civil Procedure Section 1094.6.

E. All notices under this section may be sent by regular mail, postage prepaid, and shall be deemed received on the third calendar day following the date of mailing, as established by a proof of mailing. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.210 No injunction/writ of mandate.

No injunction or writ of mandate or other legal or equitable process shall issue in any suit, action, or proceeding in any court against this city or against any officer of the city to prevent or enjoin the collection under this chapter of any tax or any amount of tax required to be collected and/or remitted. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.220 Notice of changes to chapter.

If a tax under this chapter is added, repealed, increased, reduced, or the tax base is changed, the tax administrator shall follow the notice requirements of California Public Utilities Code Section 799. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.230 Effect of state and federal reference/authorization.

Unless specifically provided otherwise, any reference to a state or federal statute in this chapter shall mean such statute as it may be amended from time to time; provided, that such reference to a statute herein shall not include any subsequent amendment thereto, or to any subsequent change of interpretation thereto by a state or federal agency or court of law with the duty to interpret such law, to the extent that such amendment or change of interpretation would require voter approval under California law, or to the extent that such change would result in a tax decrease (as a result of excluding all or a part of a utility service, or charge therefor, from taxation). Only to the extent voter approval would otherwise be required or a tax decrease would result, the prior version of the statute (or interpretation) shall remain applicable; for any application or situation that would not require voter approval or result in a decrease of a tax, provisions of the amended statute (or new interpretation) shall be applicable to the maximum possible extent.

To the extent that the city’s authorization to collect or impose any tax imposed under this chapter is expanded or limited as a result of changes in state or federal law, no amendment or modification of this chapter shall be required to conform the tax to those changes, and the tax shall be imposed and collected to the full extent of the authorization up to the full amount of the tax imposed under this chapter. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.240 Independent audit of tax collection, exemption, remittance, and expenditure.

The city shall annually verify that the taxes owed under this chapter have been properly applied, exempted, collected, and remitted in accordance with this chapter, and properly expended according to applicable municipal law. The annual verification shall be performed by a qualified independent third party and the review shall employ reasonable, cost-effective steps to assure compliance, including the use of sampling audits. The verification shall not be required of tax remitters where the cost of the verification may exceed the tax revenues to be reviewed. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.250 Remedies cumulative.

All remedies and penalties prescribed by this chapter or which are available under any other provision of law or equity, including but not limited to the California False Claims Act (Government Code Section 12650 et seq.) and the California Unfair Practices Act (Business and Professions Code Section 17070 et seq.), are cumulative. The use of one or more remedies by the city shall not bar the use of any other remedy for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of this chapter. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].

3.40.260 Interaction with prior tax.

A. Collection of Tax by Service Providers. Service providers shall begin to collect the tax imposed by this amended chapter as soon as feasible after the effective date of the ordinance codified in this chapter, but in no event later than permitted by Section 799 of the California Public Utilities Code.

B. Satisfaction of Tax Obligation by Service Users. Prior to April 1, 2011, any person who pays the tax levied pursuant to this chapter, as it existed prior to its amendment as provided herein, with respect to any charge for a service shall be deemed to have satisfied his or her obligation to pay the tax levied pursuant to this chapter as amended herein, with respect to that charge. The intent of this paragraph is to prevent the imposition of multiple taxes upon a single utility charge during the transition period from the prior utility users’ tax ordinance to the amended utility users’ tax ordinance (which transition period ends April 1, 2011) and to permit service providers or other persons with an obligation to remit the tax hereunder, during that transition period, to satisfy their collection obligations by collecting either tax.

C. In the event that a final court order should determine that the election enacting this chapter (as amended herein) is invalid for whatever reason, or that any tax imposed under this chapter (as amended herein) is invalid in whole or in part, then the taxes imposed under this chapter as it existed prior to its amendment as provided herein shall automatically continue to apply with respect to any service for which the tax levied pursuant to this chapter has been determined to be invalid. Such automatic continuation shall be effective beginning as of the first date of service (or billing date) for which the tax imposed by this chapter is not valid. However, in the event of an invalidation, any tax (other than a tax that is ordered refunded by the court or is otherwise refunded by the city) paid by a person with respect to a service and calculated pursuant to this chapter shall be deemed to satisfy the tax imposed under this chapter, as it existed prior to its amendment as provided herein, on that service, so long as the tax is paid with respect to a service provided no later than six months subsequent to the date on which the final court order is published. [Ord. 9-2010 § 1].